Escapism and power as entwined themes in Anouilh’s Antigone and Ibsen’s A Doll’s House Essay

Escapism is the ability of a person to leave his or her physical surroundings, and transcend into a world of their own, in order to flee the harsh truth of reality. This ability can give an individual power, or make them lose it. This concept is highlighted in Anouilh’s Antigone and Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, through the subtle use of symbols, foreshadowing, and imagery. In this light, escapism and power can be seen as themes with a linked purpose; to drive the play forward by building up emotions that culminate in acts of rebellion at the end of each play. With reference to this, escapism as a means to gain and lose power, and power as a trigger for escapism will be analyzed in this essay. Escapism as a means to gain power is portrayed in Anouilh’s play Antigone through his protagonist. Although mentioned only once, the ‘grey world’ that Antigone is so fascinated with serves as a symbol for her escapist persona. She says ‘It was beautiful. The whole world was grey when I went out. And now – you wouldn’t recognize it. It is like a post card: all pink, green, and yellow.’1 The colour grey alludes to bleakness, imagery of a world without colour, which could connote to a world without men or human interference. Her dislike for the world with colour suggests that she is not content with the mortal world of man, and wishes to go beyond it. This idea is perpetuated when she says ‘Have you ever thought how lovely a garden is when it is not yet thinking of men?’ Hence, her longing to leave the world of men is one of the motivating factors towards her decision to defy her uncle Creon, bury her brother and thus make her uncle sentence her to death. Her strong will to die, indicated by her vehement assertion, ‘I want to die!’ gives her power over Creon, as he is helpless to change her decision. Indirectly, she brings about the death of Haemon and Eurydice, as her suicide causes Haemon to join her in death, which causes his mother Eurydice to commit suicide in turn. Thus, Antigone’s escapism defines and strengthens her will to die, which gives her considerable power over other characters in the play. However, in Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, Nora is seen to create an idealistic world which is filled with activity, colour and gaiety. This is her form of escapism, which contrasts to Antigone’s, as hers is grey, dull and empty. Nevertheless, both these forms of escapism serve to drive the play forward, although in different ways. Antigone’s escapist nature propels her power, while Nora’s escapism hampers her power. Escapism as a means to lose power is depicted in both Antigone and A Doll’s House, although in strikingly different ways. In Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, Nora’s escapism hinders her ability to accept the truth of her situation and achieve self liberation, and thus power. She envisions an idealist world of marital bliss, and in all but the end of the play, she constantly strives to uphold this facade. This is evident when she says ‘†¦ so snug and happy here in our peaceful home, and have no cares †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ in Act II, during a conflict between herself and Torvald. She is trying to maintain her unrealistic world, as she is aware that this conflict is close to shattering it. This prevents her from gaining any sort of influence over her husband, as she is not able to assert her independence by breaking free of her idealistic, although restrictive world. Thus, by attempting to conform to the expectations of the rigid post war society that the play is situated in, Nora hampers her ability to gain power. This is similar to the loss of power in Antigone; however, it is brought on by Antigone’s absorption in the past which leads her to reject her maturity, and thus her power as an adult in society. This brings to light a minor, although significant undercurrent in both plays; the theme of childhood. This is linked to escapism, as it is a technique that Anouilh and Ibsen use to further their protagonists’ escapist natures, and thus restrict their ability to gain power. Both female protagonists are depicted as child women, although Antigone’s child like character stems from her reluctance to emerge from the past, Nora’s is imposed upon her by her domineering husband, Torvald. For both women, this image causes them to lose power by fueling their escapist tendencies. For Nora, it is part of the character she plays for Torvald, and thus a part of her unrealistic world. Hence, it is not her true character. Thus, she is able to overcome it to gain power, by abandoning her sense of idealism, and consequently the childlike image that her husband created for her. However, for Antigone, it is part of her innate persona, for she was never meant to be feminine, or adult -like. This is seen when she is described at the very beginning of the play, as a ‘thin little creature’. This aspect of her character is developed through the play, particularly significant during her conversation with her Nurse. The nurse addresses her as ‘my sparrow, my lamb’ and other such names appropriate to a child. This makes her yearn for her childhood even more. Her reminiscence makes her reluctant to die, and thus momentarily vulnerable. In stark contrast to this, escapism and power have a different function when manifested in the male characters of each play. Rather than escapism giving rise to or hindering power, power is seen to be a trigger for escapism. In A Doll’s House, Torvald is a man in a patriarchal society with considerable social standing. Despite this, he indulges in an idealistic world in which he denies his failing marriage, and at the very end of the play, struggles to hold on to it, even after being shattered by his wife’s departure. This is clear in his disbelief when he says ‘But to part! – to part from you! No, no, Nora, I can’t understand that idea.’ He fails to grasp the fact that the reality of his and Nora’s marriage has been finally revealed, as he has spent so much time absorbed in his unrealistic version of it, he has convinced himself it is real. Thus, his escapist world is shattered; this renders him powerless to cope with Nora’s dep arture. Although Torvald seems to enjoy his power, Creon does not. He makes an analogy of his role as King to the role of a manual laborer, someone who uses their physical strength for work that he describes as ‘dirty’. He deems it as something he is compelled to do, as he is responsible to the state by the power vested in him as a member of the royal family. His reluctant acceptance of power indicated by the line ‘God knows, there were other things I loved in life more than power’ leads him to advise his page ‘Never grow up if you can help it.’ This suggests a certain attachment to the past, when life was simpler and free of the constraints of responsibility. The page himself is a symbol of this attachment, as he represents Creon as a young boy. Additionally, he is always by Creon’s side, reinforcing his subtle connection with the past. Thus, he exhibits a minor form of escapism induced by the weighty responsibility of having the power of the state. The themes of escapism and power, when linked, can prove to be a powerful tool to convey thoughts, and foreshadow character development. When combined with hints of childhood as a sub theme, these two motifs are revealed to be effective literary techniques in both plays, unveiling aspects of character that would at first glance pass undetected. Ibsen and Anouilh have shown escapism to moderate and amplify power, and in relation to this, power as a trigger for escapism. It is this interweaving of themes through symbols and imagery that truly enhances a piece of literary work, and gives it layers of depth.

Core Mountain Man Brewing Company Bringing the Brand

Core Marketing Mountain Man Brewing Company Bringing the Brand to Light 1. Overview Mountain Man Brewing Company (MMBC, or the Client) is a family-run business in West Virginia that has experienced much growth since launching its flagship premium beer Mountain Man Lager (MMB) in 1925. Over the decades, brand loyalty, quality and brand awareness have been the cornerstones of the Client’s success – the importance of the MMBC brand among consumers has allowed the company to build its small but consistent market share in the East Central region (ECR), particularly in its home state, the only region it distributes in (7. % of the market with more than 50 million USD in revenue). 2. Challenges & Opportunities * Challenges MMBC currently faces a potentially identity-changing challenge: The traditional premium beer market has been declining at a compound annual rate of 4%, and MMB experienced a 2% decrease in revenue last year, the first drop in its entire history; accordingly, MMBC’s target aim is to recover from the 2% decrease in revenue that occurred in the prior year. * OpportunitiesThe light beer market – popular with younger drinkers – has also been growing at a CAGR of 4%. Although MMBC has been historically weak in the 35-years-and-under segment, there is opportunity to generate more sales by releasing a new Mountain Man Light Beer (MML) line to target this younger market. However, there is the risk of negatively impacting their current distribution of MMB through shelf-space cannibalization and higher costs; as well as the risk of alienating their core segment of older, blue-collar drinkers. . Analysis MMBC faces potentially losing more revenue at the current forecasted compound annual decrease rate of 2% – the projected decrease for MMB standalone in year-to-year net revenue from actual 520,000 barrels sold in 2005 (USD 50. 4 m) to 470,039 barrels (approximately USD 45. 6 m) by 2010 totals nearly 10% (see Exhibit 1). According to the key age demographics among beer drinkers, MMB’s customer segmentation is currently as follows: 64% for 45 years and up, and only 17% for 35 years and under.Yet the ECR breakdown for consumption by beer type is the opposite: 50. 4% for light and only 19. 7% for premium. Due to the overwhelming potential in the light beer market, we have prepared projections on growth in revenues and expenses for MMBC should they decide to move forward with brewing Mountain Man Light (see Exhibit 2A, 2B). * Making Mountain Man Lighter (and More Profitable) Considerations have been made regarding MMB remaining as a stand-alone product (again, see Exhibit 1).However, per the Client’s instructions, this report will focus on projected performance examining MMBC’s entry into the light beer market at their expected MMB reduction rate of 20%. According to our analysis, MML would still result in a significant increase in revenue within two years: With the new product mix , net income margin increases from an insignificant 0. 88% in MML’s first year to a robust 3. 7% by its second year (2007), even with considerations on the additional expenses that would go into launching a new product – manufacturing, advertising, general operating (see Exhibit 2A). Additionally, the projected MMB+MML sales volume after only two years would nearly match MMBC’s current volume level – 500,895 barrels to 520,000 – and would eventually overtake the 2005 figure in 2008; while standalone figures show a continuous decrease from the 2005 benchmark and eventually fall behind MML sales by 2011 (Exhibit 3). * Issues to Consider The forecast for MMB +MML sales are promising.However, JAFREM must note significant issues to consider with the presented data: 1) Due to limited sales volume for the first six years, impact on COGS has not been taken into consideration; should the current production capacity levels be exceeded, additional inputs rega rding CAPEX (for example, for new plants) will be necessary. 2) With the forecasted MML growth rate, the Client’s market share in the ERC amounts to 1. 5% after five years; MMB has not achieved this level after more than 50 years in the business and so considerations on the MMB reduction rate have also been provided (Exhibit 2B). 4. RecommendationsLight beer is an attractive proposition for MMBC, especially with the decrease in the premium beer segment. Accordingly, ignoring the dynamic growth in the light segment is simply too much of an opportunity to let pass. In order to reduce the risks that come with launching MML (alienating core customers, promoting a failed product), we recommends the following measures: * To avoid losing brand equity at the consumer level for MMB, pilot the MML launch outside West Virginia, as this is MMBC’s strongest and most loyal market; should the testing prove successful, then consideration can be made on moving into West Virginia. Shoul d the MML growth forecast not be realized after two years, return focus to MMB distribution at a national level; while advertising and sales at the grass roots level has been good for MMBC, there has been no attempt to reach a larger marketing through the traditional channel of television media. * Despite the expected decrease in the premium beer market, MMB still has potential to capture more market share by expanding its advertising activities and consumer base outside the ERC. Exhibit 1 – Lager Standalone Projections MMB Standalone (next five years)Â  | | 2005| 2006| 2007| 2008| 2009| 2010| Barrels| 520,000| 509,600| 499,408| 489,420| 479,631| 470,039| Price per Barrel| $97. 00| $97. 00| $97. 00| $97. 00| $97. 00| $97. 00| Net Revenue| 50,440,000| 49,431,200| 48,442,576| 47,473,724| 46,524,250| 45,593,765| COGS| 34,803,600| 34,107,528| 33,425,377| 32,756,870| 32,101,732| 31,459,698| Gross Margin| 15,636,400| 15,323,672| 15,017,199| 14,716,855| 14,422,517| 14,134,067| SG&A | 9,583,600| 9,583,600| 9,583,600| 9,583,600| 9,583,600| 9,583,600| Other Op. Exp. 1,412,320| 1,412,320| 1,412,320| 1,412,320| 1,412,320| 1,412,320| Operating Margin| 4,640,480| 4,327,752| 4,021,279| 3,720,935| 3,426,597| 3,138,147| Other Income| 151,320| 151,320| 151,320| 151,320| 151,320| 151,320| Net Income before Tax| 4,791,800| 4,479,072| 4,172,599| 3,872,255| 3,577,917| 3,289,467| Prov. Income Tax| 1,677,130| 1,567,675| 1,460,409| 1,355,289| 1,252,271| 1,151,314| Net Income After Tax| 3,114,670| 2,911,397| 2,712,189| 2,516,965| 2,325,646| 2,138,154| Net Present Value| 3,114,670| 2,599,461| 2,162,141| 1,791,526| 1,477,990| 1,213,246|Exhibit 2A – MMB + MML Projections | 2005| 2006| 2007| 2008| 2009| 2010| 2011| MML Barrels| 0| 48Â  735| 101Â  369| 158Â  136| 219Â  282| 285Â  066| 355Â  763| MMB Barrels| 520Â  000| 407Â  680| 399Â  526| 391Â  536| 383Â  705| 376Â  031| 368Â  510| Growth%| Â  | -12%| 10%| 10%| 10%| 10%| 10%| Price per Barrel| $97| $97| $97| $9 7| $97| $97| $97| Net Revenue| 50Â  440Â  000| 44Â  272Â  273| 48Â  586Â  872| 53Â  318Â  166| 58Â  489Â  738| 64Â  126Â  451| 70Â  254Â  508| COGS| 34Â  803Â  600| 30Â  776Â  437| 34Â  000Â  363| 37Â  531Â  192| 41Â  386Â  351| 45Â  584Â  213| 50Â  144Â  138| COGS/Revenue| 69. 00%| 69. 52%| 69. 98%| 70. 39%| 70. 6%| 71. 08%| 71. 37%| Gross Margin| 15Â  636Â  400| 13Â  495Â  837| 14Â  586Â  509| 15Â  786Â  974| 17Â  103Â  387| 18Â  542Â  239| 20Â  110Â  370| SG&A| 9Â  583Â  600| 11Â  233Â  600| 10Â  483Â  600| 10Â  483Â  600| 10Â  483Â  600| 10Â  483Â  600| 10Â  483Â  600| Other Op. Expenses2| 1Â  412Â  320| 1Â  412Â  320| 1Â  412Â  320| 1Â  412Â  320| 1Â  412Â  320| 1Â  412Â  320| 1Â  412Â  320| MML, Extra Ad Expenses| 0| 400Â  000| 400Â  000| 400Â  000| 400Â  000| 400Â  000| 400Â  000| Op. Expenses| 10Â  995Â  920| 13Â  045Â  920| 12Â  295Â  920| 12Â  295Â  920| 12Â  295Â  920| 12Â  295Â  920| 12Â  295Â  920| %| Â  | 18. 64%| -5. 75%| 0. 00%| 0. 00%| 0. 00%| 0. 00%| Op.Profit| 4Â  640Â  480| 449Â  917| 2Â  290Â  589| 3Â  491Â  054| 4Â  807Â  467| 6Â  246Â  319| 7Â  814Â  450| Op. Margin| Â  | -90. 30%| 409. 11%| 52. 41%| 37. 71%| 29. 93%| 25. 10%| Other Income| 151Â  320| 151Â  320| 151Â  320| 151Â  320| 151Â  320| 151Â  320| 151Â  320| Net Income before Tax| 4Â  791Â  800| 601Â  237| 2Â  441Â  909| 3Â  642Â  374| 4Â  958Â  787| 6Â  397Â  639| 7Â  965Â  770| Prov. Income Tax| 1Â  677Â  130| 210Â  433| 854Â  668| 1Â  274Â  831| 1Â  735Â  575| 2Â  239Â  173| 2Â  788Â  019| Net Income After Tax| 3Â  114Â  670| 390Â  804| 1Â  587Â  241| 2Â  367Â  543| 3Â  223Â  212| 4Â  158Â  465| 5Â  177Â  750| Net Income Margin| 6. 18%| 0. 88%| 3. 27%| 4. 44%| 5. 51%| 6. 48%| 7. 7%| NPV| 3Â  114Â  670| 348Â  932| 1Â  265Â  339| 1Â  685Â  170| 2Â  048Â  409| 2Â  359Â  625| 2Â  623Â  209| Exhibit 2B – Inputs & S tress Test Results Inputs| | Stress scenario| MMB, Avg. Market Share Growth| 0. 25%| | Year| MML, Avg. Market Share Growth| Reduction Rate| MMB, Var. Cost per Barrel| 66. 93| | 2006| 0. 04%| 30. 19%| MML, Var. Cost per Barrel| 4. 69| | 2010| 0. 28%| 17. 28%| Reduction Rate| 20%| | 2011| 0. 23%| 21. 80%| Discount Rate| 12%| | | | | MMB, Growth Rate| -2%| | | | | Price per Barrel | $97| | | | | MMB, Extra Ad Expenses| $0| | | | | MML Growth Rate| 2%| | | | | MML, SG&A in 2006| $900,000| | | | |MML, SG&A Extra Launch| $750,000| | | | | Exhibit 3 – MMB (stand alone) vs. MMB + MML ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Forecast prepared according to the 2% compound annual decrease rate provided by the Client [ 2 ]. SG&A and Other Operating Expenses are quantity independent in the consider range of production. [ 3 ]. The Stress Scenarios included in this Exhibit denote the maximum reduction rat e possible in order to achieve the target market growth desired by the Client should they move ahead with MML; in order to remain profitable, these are the reduction rate ceilings.

If criminal justice is a 'system' in England and wales, describe and Essay

If criminal justice is a 'system' in England and wales, describe and examine how the agencies within contribute to a rising population of predominantly males - Essay Example The rise in prison populations in England does not correspond to increases in the rates on crime; rather it is from an increase in the percent of offenders given custodial sentences and an increase in the average length on jail terms. The chief determinant of punishment should be the seriousness of the crime, and custodial sentences should not be used as a deterrent tool meant to jolt the rest of the populace; as it has failed miserably in the England criminal justice system. Of these prison populations, more than half are men serving sentences of four years and over with the rest jailed for six months or below (Home Office, 2004). The justice system in England has consistently used custodial sentences and longer jail terms. This has minimized the use of fines resulting in a swell, in the number of captives especially males, in the prison system. There is a predominantly large male prison population imprisoned, and it is necessary to understand some of the driving factors that leave more males behind bars. More than half the prisoners lacked employment prior to their imprisonment. Most offenders who are in prison have various mental illnesses with 78% males compared to 50% women having personal disorders (College of Psychiatrists, 2007). There is a higher likelihood of men without formal qualification, who have poor socio economic statuses that exposes them to ill health and poor financial status of committing a crime and ending up in jail (College of Ps ychiatrists, 2007). The number of sentences of older male prisoners aged over 60 years has increased gradually mostly due to increased sexual offences in this group. In 2001, 80% of this group was serving custodial sentences of more than four years, which was an increase of 55% to older males given custodial sentences (College of Psychiatrists, 2007). This increase in custodial sentencing for older males corresponds to an increase in an indictment of men. This

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Contrast and compare 'karnak cafe' and 'The day the leader was killed' Literature review

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Personal Profile Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

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Strong versus weak advertising theory - Essay Example A case in point is Andrew Ehrenberg who advanced a controversial treatise in 1974 about how advertising works. He challenged the assumption that advertising has the capacity to change attitudes unaided, and suggested that it normally worked by strengthening beliefs shaped from what are usually high level of consumer experience and awareness (Heath 2006). The argument of Ehrenberg was concentrated on the prevalent theory that advertising was a strong kind of persuasion, and his assumption became widely accepted among advertising agencies (Agres, Edell & Dubitsky 1990). However, it is important to take into consideration the fact that it was a period when the sales impacts of advertising were viewed by many as lasting, difficult to determine even in observation and hard to predict (Agres et al. 1990). Ehrenberg had ascertained that there were 100% loyal customers in most markets, and majority of these buyers purchased more than one brand. He discovered that brand consumers had consistent stronger attitudes than non-consumers, but unable to adequately clarify how these attitudes occurred (Heath 2006). This encouraged him to challenge the central theory within the models of hierarchy of effects: that change in attitude comes first and forces change in behaviour (Shrum 2004). He believed that advertising can build, rekindle or reinforce brand awareness, and can be an aspect that enables trial purchase (Wells 1997). However, he also visualised a protective function for repetitive advertising as â€Å"reinforcing already developed repeat buying habits† (Weitz & Wensley 2002: 289). Afterwards, he expanded this to include split-loyal buyers, or those who habitually buy more than one brand, and identified a further function for advertising as ‘nudging’ or pushing spli t-loyals towards a larger buying percentage of one brand or another (Weitz & Wensley 2002). On the other hand, Jones disputed the influence of

Assignment 1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

1 - Assignment Example This results from the absence of causes, conditions or other necessary determinations of choice or behaviour. The definition of this term is usually negative, not affirmative. Spontaneous people do not necessarily exercise free will. Their behaviour is often seen to be prompted by proximate causes. Often, free will is translated to mean â€Å"could have done otherwise.† Determinism is the philosophical view that all events, including mental events, have a cause. In other words, all states of affairs, both physical and mental, are conditioned by their causes and are describable by scientific law. In a deterministic universe, there are no free will, no miracles and no chance events. The classic view of determinism was expressed by Laplace. Given sufficient knowledge of every particle in the universe, he believed any future event or past could be exactly calculated. I subscribe to the doctrine of Free will. This is because in business, the school of thought is that there is always something a person can do to achieve a desired result. In determinism, we cannot have sufficient knowledge of every particle but acts in part as business ventures must be calculated using the available relevant information. D. Self Service- This consists of acts that are committed for the betterment of the society. A moral person who practises true self service is promoted by his peers as an individual who should be followed There is no distinction between the general and business attributes of a moral person. Thus no distinction should exist between them as they are both in tandem, complimenting each other .Moral leadership characteristics are developed over time and influenced by upbringing, life experience, immediate social norms and training. 3. A promise is a firm agreement to perform an act, refrain from acting or make a payment or deliver. To be legally binding as a contract, a promise must be exchanged for adequate

East Asian Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

East Asian - Essay Example Qian had the prerogative to choose who, what, why and how things happened in his history. Qian chose to quote his sources as much as possible. An example is the account of the attempt made by Jing Ke on the life of the first Chinese emperor, which was an eyewitness account by the great-grandfather of his father's friend, who served as a low-ranked bureaucrat at court of Qin and happened to be attending the diplomatic ceremony for Jing Ke. Qian also created highly probable and consistent events even when there were none available. His work eventually consisted of 130 chapters about Dynastic houses, the biographies of the Han emperors, dates of events, descriptions of rites and rituals, music, and various other topics of interest. Also included were the histories of the states which existed during pre-Qin China and the biographies of other important personages in history. Before The Records of the Grand Historian, historical texts tended to downplay the role and events from other dynasties and played up their own. This tendency was also present in Sima Qian's historiography. Qian portrayed the Han dynasty as having the Mandate of Heaven and gave lesser importance to the dynasties that preceded it. Among the features that Qian emphasized in his work was the ascendant character of the Han Dynasty. Consequently, he depicted the preceding Qin dynasty, which was Legalist, as evil and as such deserved to be replaced by the Han which prescribed to Confucianism. This theme is recurrent in his biographies which often contained moral lessons and anecdotes. Qian also took every opportunity to point out that Legalist ideals which were abundant and commonplace in the Qin Dynasty did not benefit anyone unlike Confucian ideals which redounded to benefits for the people. Examples of these biographies which justified the ascendant moral plane of the Han were the Chen She, Han Xin and the Empress Lu. This bias of Qian's against the Qin dynasty is fairly evident throughout The Records of the Grand Historian. Qian's favorable disposition towards Confucianism is explained by his belief that it is a more preventive means by which to keep peace among the peasants. He believes that fair, just and moral rulers will beget fair, just and moral peasants for them to rule. This common nature when achieved among both rulers and peasants would result in peace, according to Qian's beliefs. In contrast, he believes that the Legalist approach is able to preserve peace through the rule of a tyrannical government. He contends that a tyrannical government places all its constituents, peasants, nobles and ministers alike, under threat of mistreatment and enslavement. Qian also pointed out that there are major differences in how the Qin and Han perform their rites and treat their ancestors. In Confucianism, rituals and ancestors were central in their beliefs. This was exemplified in the biographies of Han Xin and Chen She. Qian pointed out that the latter's grave was cared for by thirty families which saw it as an honor to perform such duty. Qian also related how Han Xin buried his mother "on a high broad expanse of earth with room enough around to set up 10,000 households," similar to the treatment received by an honored ruler. Both personages were practitioners of Confucianism in their lifetime and were correspondingly rewarded with power and influence. In contrast, Qian's biography of the

LL Bean methodology Essay Example for Free

LL Bean methodology Essay LL Bean utilizes a probability distribution methodology to help predict the optimal order size of a specific item. The probability distribution is driven by a series of calculations that will predict forecast errors. One of the major concerns is that LL Bean tends to order more inventory than what was predicted in the frozen forecast. Their logic for doing this is that the cost of understocking exceeds the cost of overstocking. According to Marck Fasold (CFO), this methodology leads to major discrepancies with forecasting the demand for their products. Also, this leads to buyers being challenged that products are being ordered that do not align with their forecasting predictions. In addition, Rol Fessenden eludes to the fact that the methodology has issues because they can’t find any real distribution errors among products and he is not convinced about the estimating contribution margins and liquidation costs. In summary, there are many challenges to LL Bean’s ordering process. LL Bean tends to be okay with just overstocking rather than focusing on making accurate predictions. This approach leads to unwarranted costs that can be eliminated if they focused on refining their ordering process and methodology. Secondly, it seems that buyers make forecasts that are not being applied by the company which turn leads to unsatisfied buyers because they feel their judgments are not being respected. Lastly, LL Bean should allow the distribution forecast errors to be handled by the buyers during their initial forecasting discussion. The typical forecasting process for LL Bean involves various individuals (including the Inventory Buyer and product â€Å"people†) meeting together to make forecasts of items by book. Specially, an Excel spreadsheet is utilized to rank items by expected dollar sales and â€Å"discussions† are involved to make adjustments. The buyers tend to use their own personal judgment where they invent a â€Å"rule of the thumb† to develop forecasts. Furthermore, they use personal feelings in their forecasting predications which in turn can lead to errors without hard data. The issue with the forecasting process is that it is purely focused on an individual’s personal thoughts rather than the usage of historical sales data as a benchmark. Also, according to Barbara Hamaluk (a buyer for men’s knit shirts) there tends to be a variance  with the item forecasts and the dollar target of that book. In summary, by having a forecasting process that is based on personal judgment versus actual data can lead to issues such as over and understocking items. Also, this can further lose money for LL Bean due to the inaccuracies of ordering too much or too little based on personal â€Å"opinion† forecasts. LL Bean can improve this process by having their buyers follow a standardized process that requires them to use historical and valid data to predict forecasts.

Incremental Analysis Essay Example for Free

Incremental Analysis Essay Incremental in comprehensive analyses both serve similar purposes in decision making in the workplace. The argument is that incremental is more economical than and just as effective as comprehensive analyses. Since both are used to make important decisions within a company, which one will serve the best purpose while still being justifiable and cost effective to complete? Both will complete the same task, but one will do it better and we will be explaining why incremental analyses are the better ones to use. Incremental Analysis Incremental analysis is important and standardized approach to determine various business decisions concerning cost and revenue. This tool is very crucial and time saving; it leads in a systematic way to identify the probable effects of decisions on future earnings in order to make better decisions concerning the profitability of the company. Management utilizes incremental analysis to identify relevant information related to costs and revenues associated and impacted by the decision; this information is further compared to make the most profitable decision. Examples of decisions best made through incremental analysis include – whether to accept an order at special price, make-or-buy, sell or process further, retain or replace equipment, eliminate an unprofitable segment decision and allocate limited resources, and decisions (Kimmel et.al, 2011). Comprehensive Analysis Comprehensive analysis is the financial term used for evaluating every financial detail of the entire operation in a company. The purpose of conducting comprehensive analysis is to determine a company’s present financial position as well as its expected financial standing in the future. In conducting comprehensive analysis, both current and historical fiscal reports must be collected to analyze the status of the company’s investments. These reports are also needed to calculate the financial ratios of different companies. Determining the financial ratios is the next step when conducting comprehensive analysis as these ratios will determine the company’s performance and its effectiveness. The ratios will give a snap shot of the company’s overall financial condition, strengths and weaknesses of its financial activities which will help creditors and investors decide  whether company is worth investing in. And finally, compare the company’s ratio, to the ratio of another organization with similar production processes to determine if the company will succeed or needs enhancement. Disagree/ or Agree According to our research we have come to an agreement that Incremental Analysis is the best decision and focus tool that we have. The reasoning is because it reveals faster results and cost less. Another two are when reports are shown and analysis are done it reveals the same results. It also focus on a specific subject or topic. Incremental analysis also pulls reports and help management make decisions whether to accept orders, to make a product or purchase, sell and process products furthers, or even the retaining and replacement of equipment that are used by the business. References JIm, B., Hughes, M.C. (2014, April). What is comprehensive analysis. Wise Geek, (). Retrieved from http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-comprehensive-analysis.htm Virtual Advisors Inc. (2011) Analyzing your financial ratios retrieved from http://www.bbt.com/bbtdotcom/business/small-business-resource-center/growing-a-business/financial-ratios.page

Separation Between Church And State

Separation Between Church And State The concept of separation between the church and state refers to the strained relationship distance between organized religion and the nation state. The relationship between the Church and feudal state in the medieval era went through a series of developments, round about the end of Roman Empire down to the birth of Reformation. The Western world is shaped due to the struggle for power between the kings and Popes. With the idea of divine right monarchs ruled for centuries. Monarch began to use this to support the notion that king to rule not only his kingdom but also the churches within the kingdoms boundaries such notion can be known as caesaropapism. On the other hand, the catholic doctrine stating the Pope being the Vicar of Christ in earth is to have absolute power over the Church and also secondary over the state. Furthermore, the relationship between Church and State can be related as the institutional form of the relation between religion and politics(Answers). Due to this com plication, Church and State has been a remarkable concern of the Western and Christian. This is not only because Western secularization has desired a limit of powers that is to belong to the religious authorities, though its origins sprung form an earlier period, during the advancement of separate Church and State institutions in Christendom which were natural rivals to a level which was incomprehensible in the sphere of other well-known religions. Thus the conflict between Emperor and Pope was an important feature to Europe in the middle Ages of politics also during the twelfth, thirteenth, and fourteenth century the rivalry between the Guelphs and the Ghibellines was one of the greatest contest in Italian politics. Western society therefore has a great past of conflict between Church and State, which has helped advance the movement in anticlerical and secular spheres. Countless modern states and parties embrace the separation of Church and State, but a suspicion has often been att ached to predominantly Protestant countries Catholic politicians, such as John F. Kennedy, that they are, whatever they may say, religiously committed to extending the influence of their Church over the State.(Cambridge University) In ancient civilizations the segregation of political and religious orders was not given meaning. With the occurrence of Christianity, the concept of two separate orders emerged, on the bases of Jesuss command to Render unto Caesar what belongs to Caesars, and to God what belongs to God (Mark 12:17). The intense union of religion and politics, nevertheless, proceeded even after the victory of Christianity as emperors such as Constantine who exercised authority amongst both church and state. During the premature Middle Ages secular rulers claimed to rule by Gods grace, and later in the Middle Ages popes and emperors fought for global supremacy. During the Investiture Controversy the church clearly established distinct and separate secular and religious orders, which lead to the so-called papal monarchy foundation. The Reformation greatly weakened papal authority, and the pendulum swung toward the state, in addition many monarchs demanding to rule both the church and state by divine ri ght. Enlightenment thinkers, as evinced in the U.S and post-revolutionary France, influenced the concept of secular government. In Western Europe today all states protect and maintain freedom of worship along with the distinction between religious and civil authorities. However, during the Middle ages the Pope claimed the right to overthrow the Catholic Kings of Western Europe and often exercise these rights, because the kings where taking control over the churches in their border which turned out successfully sometimes and sometimes not, such cases were with Henry VIII of England and Henry III of Navarre. In the West, the matter of separation of church and state during the medieval period focused on monarchs who ruled in the secular sphere but violated the churchs rule of the spiritual sphere. For example, in 1530s Henry VIII, angered by the Catholic Churchs refusal to annual his marriage with his wife Catherine of Aragon, resolved to break with the Church thereby setting himself as the ruler of the new church of England; the Anglican Church, thereby ending the separation that had existed between Church and State in England. Of the many remarkable structural and ideological changes that have taken place in the European history, the French revolution renders an essential social shift in the relations between the people and the church as prosperous partner with the state. By discussing how the French Revolution produced a dramatic and structural restrain in the relation of the Church to the state, I do not intend to propose that the revolution ended in a complete separation of the church and state. It does, nevertheless, the contribution to the diminishing role of the Church in state and in public affairs are indicated by important factors such as the role of the nation-state has diminished. In early modern Europe, the churchs power over people was reduced by the birth of the sovereign state. In the role of religion in regards to a state, theres no doubt in mind that civil liberties for all citizens and the full protection of human rights can be endangered by religion. For instance, the rights of non-believers and supporters of other religions the right of homosexuals along with the rights of women, at the most basic level, this is mostly an issue of tolerance, we should not impose their moral values, beliefs, and practices on others if such people dont inflict harm, even if we think people act immorally from their religious point of view and neither should we draw a distinction among people when they think speak or act in ways that are conflicting with our own beliefs. But the problem goes beyond the level of relations between citizens. The question about the proper role and place of religion in a state isnt restricted to the dilemma of how we act toward each other in our daily lives. In a democratic state, the people interpret their beliefs in government policy and legi slation. Hence, I wonder to what extend people can use their religious beliefs as basis or reason for legislation. Religion appears in liberal theory first and foremost as an occasion for neutrality and tolerance. The initiation is supplemented by both the categorization of religion as essentially as a private issue and the belief that religion is in some sense survival from an earlier era not a field of vital growth within modernity. We should see religious internationalism both under the problematic structure of colonial and postcolonial missionary work and in the engagements shaped by Vatican II, peace movement and liberation theology.(Burleigh) To summarize all, the proper role of religion in a state is based on individuals and their distinctive religious beliefs and faith. It has become a stock phrase that the spread of modernity throughout the industrial west and much of the world beyond has developed a system of secular nation-states that actively promote science but refrain the advancement of religion. This idea is much in line with contemporary controversy over globalization, postmodernism, human rights and church-state relations. Yet the growing recognition that science is a cultural and social product would seem to weaken the asymmetry between religion and science upon which this modern notion of the state rests . Observers of politics in the early modern era took it for granted that a state conscious of its own interest would or at least out to guide the religious behavior of its subject. Until recently, similar hypothesis about the importance of state policy in religious activities have informed historical writing about Europes protestant and catholic reformation. But scholars of the last four decades or so has made it vivid that one cannot ima gine the religious life of the people as simply decided for by their rulers. The modern state advanced toward a concept of secularism, whereby a state or country purports to be officially neutral in matter of religion, supporting neither religion nor irreligion. Most modern states claim to treat all its citizens equally regardless of religion, and claims to avoid preferential treatment for a citizen from a particular religion or non-religion over other religions or non-religion. Secular states become secular either upon establishment of the state or upon secularization of state, for example Frances religious monopoly was politically challenged by secular institutions, which lead to the comprehensive victory of secularism. Historically, the process of secularizing a state typically involves granting religious freedom, disestablishing state religions, stopping pubic funds to be used for religion, freeing the legal system from religious control, freeing up the education system, tolerat ing citizens who change religion or abstain form religion, and allowing political leadership to come to power regardless of religious beliefs. Many states of nowadays are secular in practice may have legal mark of an earlier established religion. Secularism also has various forms that may coincide with some magnitude of official religiosity. Thus, in the Commonwealth Realms, the head of state is required to take a Coronation Oath swearing to sustain the Protestant faith. The United Kingdom also retains positions in its upper house for 26 senior clergymen of the prominent Church of England known as the Lords Spiritual. While Scotland is part of the United Kingdom the Scottish Parliament proclaimed Scotland a secular state but conserves the religious monarch. The reverse sequence can also occurs, a state can go from being secular to a religious state as in the case of Iran where the secularized state of the Pahlavi dynasts was replaced by the Islamic Republic. Over the last few decade s, there has been a trend towards secularism. In the modern period, the separation of the church and state and the exercise of secularization have brought about a movement away form folk pattern of ordered religion. Migration of ethnic groups as an end result of colonial expansion, the rise of modern capitalism and individualism have also brought about a much greater recognition of the multi-cultural nature of society and a significance upon personal choice with respect to the issue of religious affiliation. One consequence of thee western world has been the tendency to convince religion as importantly a private rather than a pubic matter.

energy :: essays research papers

What do we really need, energy or power? This was a question proposed to me at the beginning of the semester and it really made me think. Energy is a property of matter that can be converted into work, heat, or radiation. It is the capacity for doing work, generating heat, and emitting light or radiation. Power is the rate of spending energy or energy per unit time. Immediately, I thought the answer was energy since you need energy to have power. But then I heard that the answer was power and it boggled my mind, but after it was explained it really opened my mind. We do need energy to have power but what would we do without power. We can’t live without power. We really need power because it is energy spent per unit time and what is the point of energy if we cant control it. There are six fundamental forms of energy. They are mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, nuclear, and electromagnetic. Mechanical energy is kinetic and potential energy. Kinetic energy is the energy that is possessed by a body due to its motion. And Potential energy is the Energy that a body possesses by virtue of its physical position above the reference level. Therefore, it depends on height above the reference level and the mass of the object. So potential energy is the mass *gravitational force *height. Thermal energy is the energy of the random motion of particles of a substance. An example of this would be warming up by a campfire or taking a hot bath. Chemical energy is energy that is stored in the chemical bonds that hold molecules together. When certain chemicals combine or react, energy is released usually in the form of heat. Some examples of this would be a tank of gasoline, coal, and natural gas. Electrical energy is the energy of electrons in motion. It is usually generated by the rotation of a conductor in a magnetic field and it is easily converted to other forms of energy.

The Consumer and the Checking Account Fairness (CCAF) Act Essay

The Consumer and the Checking Account Fairness (CCAF) Act   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Near the end of 2004, the Check Clearing for the 21st Century Act (Check 21) went into effect, bringing with it mixed opinions on what consumers and bankers alike could expect. The now law dealt with the exchange of digitized checks opposed to physical checks, and decreased processing time drastically. The belief among many circles was that checks would begin to bounce en masse, and that the consumer would be impacted in a drastic way. This paper touches on the underlying subject of the â€Å"float† as well as subsequent legislation entitled the Consumer Checking Account Fairness Act (CCAF) that addresses imperfections in Check 21. We will offer information on both acts and show how we as the consumer can expect to be affected. The Float   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ventureline.com defines the term â€Å"float† as being â€Å"the time between the deposit of checks in a bank and when the amount is truly accessible† (2005). This term, although unfamiliar to some, represents a time honored practice that virtually everyone, of any age, has become familiar with. With respect to our personal finances, a float is used to buy the consumer time before funds must be withdrawn from an account. It is advantageous to use from the standpoint of cash flow, as funds might not be available immediately to cover a check, but are expected. This gives the consumer a small amount of leeway in writing checks, as the float may afford the consumer several days before they must cover a check. In a business setting, things are a bit different. There are still advantages that can be realized from a cash flow standpoint, however the float is more of a tool than a resource for the business, and corporate use of the float has revolved more ar ound profit than prevention.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In every business, or household for that matter, there will always be two separate balances for cash. The first refers to the actual recorded amount on the corporate books, while the second is represented by the balance that the bank shows. The difference between these figures, or the float, means that a business can take advantage of short term cash to use for other means. For example, if a company writes $1,000 worth of checks to vendors and receives $1,000 from customers, there would be no difference in what the ... ...ve known it, is on life support. Check 21 may not have been designed for the purpose of eliminating float time, but it most certainly has achieved this as a by-product. It remains a mystery as to how much longer it will be before banks are able to spend the money to fully integrate with what has come to be known as IRD’s, or image replacement documents. So in the meantime, depending upon whom you bank with, or the size of the check you write, may dictate whether or not your documents are electronically sent. One thing that is certain, the advantage has now swung in the direction of the banking center, and only time will tell whether or not there will be relief under CCAF. References Bankston, Karen, Still Got Float, Credit Union Management; Jan2005 Sisk, Michael, It's Time for a Reality Check on Check 21, Bank Technology News; Jan2005 Retrieved Apr 25, 2005 from www.ventureline.com/glossary Schneider, Ivan, Cut the Fee or Wait and See?, Bank Systems & Technology, 2005, CMP media LLC. Retrieved April 26, 2005 from: www.banktech.com Schneider, Ivan, The Flap Over The Float, Bank Systems & Technology, 2005, CMP media LLC. Retrieved April 26, 2005 from: www.banktech.com

Cats Rule :: essays research papers

"A dog is a man's best friend." That common saying may contain some truth, but dogs are not the only animal friend whose companionship people enjoy. For many people, a cat is their best friend. Despite what dog lovers may believe, cats make excellent housepets. In the first place, people enjoy the companionship of cats. Many cats are affectionate. They will snuggel up and ask to be petted, or scrached under the chin. Who can resist a purring cat? If they're not feeling affectionate, cats are generally quite playfull. They love to chase balls and feathers, or just about anything dangling from a string. They especially enjoy playing when their owners are participating in the game. Contrary to popular opinion, cats can be trained. Using rewards and punishments, just like with a dog, a cat can be trained to avoid unwanted behaviour or preform tricks. Cats will even fetch! In the second place, cats are civilized members of the household. Unlike dogs, cats do not bark or make loud noises. Most cats dont even meow very often. They are generally content to lead a quiet existence. Cats also don't often have "accidents." Mother cats train their kittens to use the litter box, and most cats will use it without fail from that time on. Even stray cats generally understand the concept when shown the box and will use it regularly. Cats do have claws, and owners must make provisions for this. A tall scratching post in a favorite cat area of the house will usually keep the cat content to leave the furniture alone. As a last resort, of course, cats can be declawed. Lastly, one of the most attractive features of cats as housepets is their ease of care. Cats do not have to be walked. they get plenty of exercise in the house as they play, and they do their buisness in the litter box. Cleaning a litter box is a quick, painless procedure. Cats also take care of their own grooming. Bathing a cat is almost never necessary because under ordinary circumstances cats clean themselves. Cats are more particular about personal cleanliness than people are. In addition, cats can be left home alone for a few hours without fear.

Volume and Cm

AREA (i) The area of a rhombus is equal to the area of a triangle whose base and the corresponding altitude  are 24. 8 cm and 16. 5 cm respectively. If one of the diagonal of the rhombus is 22 cm, find the length of the other diagonal. (ii) The floor of a rectangular hall has a perimeter 250m. If the cost of paining the four walls at the  rate of Rs 10 per m2 is Rs 1500. Find the height of  the hall. (iii) A room is half as long again as it is broad. The cost of carpeting the room at Rs 3. 25 per m2 is Rs 175. 50 and the cost of papering the walls at Rs 1. 40 per m2 is Rs 240. 80.If 1 door and 2 windows occupy 8m2, find the dimensions of the room. (iv) A river 2m deep and 45m wide is flowing at the rate of 3 km per hour. Find the volume of water that runs into the sea per minute. (v) A closed cylinder has diameter 8cm and height 10cm. Find its total surface area and volume. (vi) The volume of a metallic cylinder pipe is 748cm3 . Its length is 14 cm and external diameter 18cm. F ind its thickness. (vii) A cylindrical bucket, 28cm in diameter 72cm high is full of water. The water is emptied into a rectangular tank, 66cm long and 28cm wide. Find the height of the water level in the tank. viii) A cylindrical tube, open at both ends, is made of metal. The internal diameter of the tube is 10. 4cm and its length is 25cm. The thickness of the metal is 8mm everywhere. Calculate  the volume of the metal. (ix) The difference between outside and inside surface of a cylindrical metallic pipe 14cm long is 44cm2 . If the pipe is made of 99 cm3 . Find the outside and inner radii of the pipe. Volume and surface area. 1. A hollow cylindrical pipe is 21 dm long. Its outer and inner diameters are 10cm and 6cm respectively. Find the volume of copper used in making the pipe. 2.The height of a right circular cylinder is 10. 5m. Three times the sum of the areas of its two circular faces is twice the area of the curved surface. Find the volume of the cylinder. 3. The circumferen ce of the base of a 10m high conical tent is 44m. Calculate  the length of canvas used in making the tent if width of canvas is 2m. 4. The radius and height of a cone are in the ratio 4:3 the area of the base is 154cm2. find the area of   the curved surface. 5. The volume of a metallic cylindrical pipe is 748cm3 . Its length is 14 cm and its external radius is 9 cm. Find its thickness. . A well of inner diameter 14m is dug to a depth of 15m. Earth taken out of it has been evenly spread all around it to a width of 7m to form an embankment. Find the height of the embankment. 7. A cloth having an area of 165m is shaped into a cylindrical tent of radius 5m. How many students can sit in the tent if a student occupies 5/7 m2 ? Find the volume of air for each student. 8. The difference between inside and outside surfaces of cylindrical tube 14cm long is 88 sq. cm. If the volume of the tube is 176 cubic cm. find the inner and outer radii of the tube. 9.The area of three adjacent faces o f a cuboidal box are 120cm2, 72cm2 and 60cm2 respectively. Find the volume of the box. 10. The total surface area of a hollow cylinder which is open from both sides is 4620cm2, area of base ring is 15. 5cm2 and height 7cm. Find the thickness of the cylinder. Questions for Homework assignment 1. An  underground water  tank is  in the shape  of  cube of  side 7 m. What will be its volume? 2. What will be volume of a box whose length  16 m, breadth 8 m and height is 5 m? 3. The length, breadth and height of a room are 12 m, 10 m, and 9m respectively. Find the area of  our walls of room? . The volume of a cube is  27a3  . Find the length of its edge? 5. How much Aluminium sheet will be required to make a container with lid whose length is 13 m, breadth is 8 m and height is 4 m? 6. The volume of a cube is  1331  cm3  . Find the length of its edge? 7. The length of diagonal of a cube is 17. 32 cm. Find the volume of that cube? 8. Three cubes whose sides are 6 cm, 8 cm and 10 cm. They are melted and form a cube. Find the volume of that cube? 9. Two cubes have edge 10 m. Their edges have been joined and form a cuboid. What will be the surface area of cuboid thus formed? 0. The total volume of a cube is 512 cubic cm. Find the side of a cube? 11. A rectangular box 14 cm long, 10 cm wide and 5 cm high is to be made with card-board. Find the area of card-board to make that box? 12. What will be the volume of a cylindrical tank whose radius is 7 cm and height is 5 cm? 13. How many solid spheres of  Ã‚  2/3  cm  radius can be made from a solid  sphere of  2 cm radius? 14. If the volume and surface area of a sphere is numerically same then what will be its radius? 15. The volume of a right circular cylinder is  392  ? cm3  and its height is 8 cm. Find the radius?

Diesel Marketing Mix Essay

IntroductionThis show on merchandising rumple is cost 30% of my market place module, I am going to construct a promulgate to analyze the market mix of a familiarity. The order that I chose to do is diesel motor motor, They atomic occur 18 an egressside(a) change state keep corporation ranging from wo handss run down, mens wear to accessories, and I am going to fashion at Product, cost, practice and Promotion While doing this retch I am going to enquiry the diesel ships company using the Internet, I am going to view at websites much(prenominal) as www.diesel.com, www.wikipedia.com and any former(a) sites I come crosswise that give help me with information on the company. I de deviate then construct the audition using Google docs and Microsoft record book.Company background start out as a company focus on qualification quality c drawhing, diesel has become part of the youth burnish orbwide. diesel is an innovative international spirit company, prod ucing a wide-ranging collection of jeans, c atomic pilehing and accessories. diesel motor is a leader in pi wizering advanced styles, fabrics, valet de chambreufacturing orders and quality control to pledge an outstanding crossroad. The company is present in over 80 countries with over 5,000 back breakers of cut-rate sale and much than 300 mono post stores (200 of which be company- possessed and the comfort in federation with local distri solitary(prenominal) ifors). When Renzo Rosso nominateed the company in 1978, he cute it to be a leader, a company thattook chances and mold out a niche for itself in its field. He surrounded himself with creative, talented raft innovators who, wish him, rejected the slavish foreshorten fol paltrying typical of the fashion industry.He wanted to create the intimately self-propelled and imaginative harvest visible(prenominal) anyplace he gave his open minded inclination aggroup broad stylistic complimentarydom, and their com mittal was to create an app arl line faultless for independent citizenry who follow their own droll pass in action sentence and for those style- light uprs who ex stuff their individuality by the bureau they dress. From the very beginning, diesel motors fig team up, headed by Creative Director Wilbert Das, move their backs on the style-dictators and consumer forecasters of the fashion evidencement and permit their own personal tastes lead them. The company views the world as a integrity, border-less macro-culture, and the diesel motor staff reflects this a cosmopolitan team that creates an unpredictable, self-propelled vitality and energy inside the company. diesel engine lot and their working methods be so unconventional, albeit produceive, that they throw been profiled in incalculable media, and defecate been studied by international consulting organizations and universities.www.diesel.comMarketing mixThe Marketing variety is hotshot of the most famous call ing tools in market. The Marketing mix has quartette elements called the four Ps which atomic number 18 Product, terms, ass and Promotion and is often crucial when determine a point of intersection or cross outs unique dispenseing point Some commentators volition increase the marketing mix to the five Ps, to implicate people. Others will increase the mix to vii Ps, to include physical bear witness ( such(prenominal) as uniforms, facilities, or livery) and a only if (i.e. the intact client go eg a consult to Disney World). The term marketing mix was coined in 1953 by Neil Borden in his Ameri potty Marketing Association presidential takeress. However, this was actually a reformulation of an earlier idea by his beau, pack Culliton, who in 1948 described the role of the marketing manager as a sociable of ingredients. The term became popular in the denomination create verbally by Neil Borden called The Concept of the Marketing change integrity. He started teachingth e term later on he learned some it with an associateProductSince 1575, the word harvest-tide has referred to anything produced since 1695 the word has referred to thing or things produced. In marketing, a product is anything that give the gate be offered to a market that might satisfy a want or need. This includes physical objects, services, people, places, organizations and ideas. Products should bump the needs of the marketProducts have 4 levels1. Core level2. Actual3. augment product level4. Potential product levelProduct ClassificationI would coiffure the injury diesel engine infra the product classification Durable Goods. diesel Goods ar a bit to a greater extent expensive than oppositewise brands simply argon designed to last longer.Product smell cycleThe sets that products go with from learning to withdrawal from the market.Stages in the Product conductCycleProducts tend to go through five phase angles1. New product victimisation put2. Market introducti on stage3. Growth stage4. Mature stage5. Decline or Stability stageI would say most of the collections at diesel motor are at the harvest-feast or Maturity Stage They are evermore trying to keep on top and introduce new lines often. diesel engine Introduced the line Black and Gold in February 2008 at new York fashion week Since the brand comes from Italy, the owners thought that a big extension for a clothing brand would be wine-coloured-coloured. The problem is that wine drinkers are very particular about the wine that they drink, and many wine enthusiasts opine skeptically at a clothing company releasing its own brand of wine.The wine could be the best in the world, however beca engage of the label attached to it and the feeling that anything and a world-class winery will do, it is doomed to fail. While an Italian company going into wine is non that out of the ordinary, a clothing company head start to sell liquor is. Deisel also wanted to break into formal wear to be on par with the manages of Ralph Lauren but later on long time of being a nonchalant durable brand formal wear just didnt kick off.http//faculty.insead.edu/chandon/personal_page/Documents/Case_diesel motor%202007_corrected-w.pdf brandDefinition The marketing practice of creating a image, symbol or design that identifies and diverseiates a product from another(prenominal) products businessmarking is the process involved in creating a unique name and image for a product inthe consumers mind, chief(prenominal)ly through advertize campaigns with a consistent theme. cross outing aims to establish a significant and diametricaliated presence in the market that attracts and retains loyal customers. in the beginning the introduction of StyleLab in 1998, the brand portfolio of diesel motor SpA consisted of three main product lines D- diesel (including licenses), diesel engine Kids and 55DSL (The brands and some of their logos are shown in Exhibit 6). Most of its takings was ou tsourced to baseborn and medium-sized companies, whereas design and marketing remained in-ho perish.Brand Identitydiesel motors concern team emphasized that D- diesel and StyleLab should have perspicuous brand identities but with some green roots. Both brands shared values such as freedom, global outlook, creativity and thoughtfulness. Nevertheless, whereas D-diesel motor stood for ridicule and irreverence, StyleLab stood for sophistication and mystery. Of course, the products themselves were quite different diesel motor focusing on denim dapple StyleLab experimented with a variety of innovative fabrics. packageDiesel Keep their packaging dim-witted enough, for their vestments they are wrapped in a clear plastic clench with the word deisel in Black pen on it, and then they are put into a mostly white parer bag with again the brand written in Black Block letters, For Deisel fragrances they are al itinerarys very well box seat in a nice box and always have some physique of accessories free with them, usually attached to the bottle (like seen below in the image) .Usually their wallets and other dark glasses are packaged in a cream coloured box, With Diesel logotype written in light browned on the box, with tissue paper inside. Their products always have a brown cardboard tag attached.PriceDefinition of PricePricing is an integral part of a marketing schema as it is the only one of the 4 Ps that generates revenue for the firm. Price is commonly utilize as a strategic weapon between competitors and plays an important role in shapingcustomers perceptions of the products value and quality. Pricing will be determined by other elements in the marketing mix Price should be consistent with other elements.Diesel uses agio determine because the cost needs to reflect the value of the life-style experience of the brand. The people at Diesel are in tune with that lifestyle and boost what Diesel represents.Pricing StrategiesPricing strategy refers to method companies use to worth their products or services. Almost all companies, large or low-pitched, base the terms of their products and services on production, labor and advert expenses and then add on a certain voice so they can make a profit. There are several different pricing strategies, such as perceptiveness pricing, expenditure skimming, discount pricing, product life cycle pricing and even warring pricing.Diesel uses a model base on premium pricing.You do not pay a premium price for Diesel jeans because they are a premium quality, that is taken for granted, You pay a premium price because the jeans and the brand fit in with and even encourage a premium, dynamic lifestyle built for successful alimentation, as Diesel would say. This allows the company to price those products in a way which complements and neatly fits into that lifestyle. A strategy such as penetration pricing used by businesses make high-volume, relatively low-margin products would be irrelevan t as it would undermine the quality tie-up thus devaluing the brand and experience.From researching the price discrepancies of the Diesel brand I have raise a few differences in pricing online, Firstly I looked at the Diesel online shopping website www.store.diesel.com and then compared the prices to other online sites that sell Diesel clothing, such as www.mandm top.com and www.asos.com . The first-class honours degree difference I found was at asos.com they were selling a Mens Diesel tee shirt for 55.00, the exact uniform T-shirt was on sale at the Diesel website for 60.00 making it 5 more expensive.The second website I looked at was mandm submit.com, here I found bulky differences in price as you can see from my print screens below, the analogous Mens T-shirt was selling for 45.00 at the diesel website and 24.99 on the mandmdirect.com, making the T-shirt 20 cheaper at mandmdirect.com. I also looked at womens clothes on mandmdirect.com and found the same jeans for 34.99 on mandm and sellinf for 135.00 at Diesel, thus making the jeans 100 less at mandmdirect.com. similarly I tool a look at some americian websites(www.blufly.com & www.revolveclothing.com ) to determine stick out it is cheaper to buy Diesel Jeans in the the States and by using the currency convertor on goolge, it appears that at that place would be no difference in the price of a pair of Diesel jeans here or abroad.55 asos 60 diesel.comPricing MethodsI estimate of Diesel would use perceive value pricing which means They price their items based on the Perception of the purchaser of value. Competition from other brands such as levis my affect the way Diesel price their items. As you can see from the fragment price in proportion to competitors most of Levis garments are cheaper than Diesels.PlaceDefinition of Place* Decisions about where to sell the product* Or concerns about where the customers are, and how to get to them* Also includes the street of dispersion meaning, all the different middlemen you use to get the product out to the customer Channels of dispersionIndirect and directNumber 1 is a direct transplant of diffusion as the product would be going straight from the contrive to the consumer. 2,3 and 4 are all indirect. of all time since the beginning, Renzo Rosso believed in addressing the world with one product and one language, and one of his first locomote was building a solid and big scattering platform stretching across all 5 continents. Most of Diesels current production is outsourced, to small and medium-sized companies. Production of denim jeans is based alone in Italy. All international logistics operations (wholesale and retail) are centrally managed and care honesty controlled.Intermediaries a great deal Diesel would work with different intermediaries for archetype they would use agents to help when sourcing different suppliers and publicize also Diesel might use overseas offices. However these can be very expensive to the co mpany so Diesel would also look at new lower risk methods of market entry.Physical disseminationDiesels approach to distribution can be seen as a mix of exclusive and selective distribution over intensive distribution. Exclusive distribution involves limiting distribution to single outlets such as the Diesel flagship stores. Selective distribution involves using a small number of retail outlets and partners to maintain the quality of unveiling and talk to the customer. Intensive distribution, on the other hand, is commonly used to distribute low price or impulse goods such as sweets.When distributing their goods Diesel would have to think about warehousing, transport, packaging, Stock / inventory levels and customer service.PromotionDefinition of furtheranceThe mankindisation of a product, organization, or venture so as to increase gross sales or public awareness it refers to the different promotional options available to the marketer such as Brand advertisingCo-operative adve rtisingCorporate advertisingSteps in the marketing discourse process1. credit of target auditory modality2. Determine of communication objectives3. Design of mental object4. pick of communication way5. consideration and allotment of communication budget6. Selection of promotional mixEvaluation of resultsIdentification of target customer* Stylistic men and women ages of 20-35 years* Independent entrepreneur or innovator who follows their own unique path in life* This eccentric man or women is largely unaffected by fashion fads and spends a significant come up of money on quality fashion- earlier clothingCommunication objectives* Quality* rough* Unique* EccentricDesign of pass alongDiesel Advertisements are always Edgy, swish and sometimes controversial, they continually develop searing blistering ad campaigns and innovative editorials. They have deep started a new campaign called be jerky The tagline Be soft-witted declares Diesels new philosophy that its way more in teresting to be thickheaded and gave fun than be offend and live a boring life. It encourages people to take risks and move beyond the unfermented and sensible track for life. The campaign, developed at global advertising agency Anomaly, includes online, press and outdoor promulgatements featuring stupid acts, a digital recruitment campaign for the Diesel harmony video/2010 catalogue, and viralactivity outlining the companys stupid philosophy.Diesel Stupid PhilosophyLike balloons, we are make full with hopes and dreams. But. Over time a single sentence creeps into our lives. Dont be stupid. Its the crusher of possibility. Its the worlds greatest deflator. The world is full of lustrous people. Doing all kind of smart things Thats smart. Well, were with stupid. Stupid is the downcast pursuit of a regret free life. Smart may have the brains but stupid has the balls. The smart might descry things for how they are. The stupid see things for how they could be. Smart critiques. S tupid creates.The fact is if we didnt have stupid thoughts we have no interesting thoughts at all. Smart may have the plans but stupid has the stories. Smart may have the authority but stupid has one hell of a hangover. Its not smart to take risks Its stupid. To be stupid is to be brave. The stupid isnt afraid to fail. The stupid know in that location are worse things than failure like not even trying. Smart had one good idea, and that idea was stupid. You cant outsmart stupid. So dont even try. Remember only stupid can be truly brilliant. So, BE STUPIDwww.diesel.comSelection of communication channelDiesel would Use non-personal channels including quid Media = national press, radio, TV, etc and Local Media = local press, trade or specialist publications.Setting and allocation of communication budgetThree staple choices hereThe affordable approach after(prenominal) the firm has paid its expenses then ensconce what you can afford The objective and job approachDetermine what needs to be done (objectives) and allocate resourcesappropriatelyThe percentage-of-sales methodFrom January to September 2008, Diesel spent $5.8 billion on U.S. advertising, according to TNS Media IntelligenceYou spend a percentage of your annual sales on communicationsI think Diesel would use the The Objective and job approach as their communication channel of choice.Selection of promotional mixThis refers to the different promotional options available to the marketer, There are five elements in the Promotional Mix* Advertising,* sales promotions,* personal selling,* public dealings* sponsorshipAll elements of Diesels promotion aim to engage the customer with the lifestyle. If they like the lifestyle, they might like the products. For example, the Diesel team saw music as an immanent part of that lifestyle and realised that exploring new music and new artists was all part of trying something different and experimenting with the unusual. 10 years later, DieselUMusic is a global music support collaborative, giving unsigned bands a place where they can be heard and an opportunity to have their talent recognized. Its not about selling, its about giving people something they will enjoy and interact with. Diesel were the first brand to advertise their clothes through video games, normally they would encourage products mainly online, www.diesel.com and in high-end magazines such asElleVogueDiesel also advertise through billboards which catch a lot of attentionOTHER WAYS OF advertize ARE THROUGH MAGAZINES ADSSUCH AS BAZAARCelebrity endorsement and sponsorshipLOreal and Diesel launched Fuel for Life (for him and for her) in the fall of 2007. A mini-collection for Adidas was launched in 2008 called Adidas Originals denim by Diesel. The underwear license is held by the US company Mast Industries Inc.,who also make lingerie for Victorias Secret. A new collaboration with AGV has seen the launch of a Helmet. Recently Diesel Home, thanks to collaborations with Moroso and Foscarini has been launched in the market. The Diesel company has acquired stakes in the brands Viktor & Rolf, Maison Martin Margiela and DSquared2. In recent years, the company has operate its attention to endorsing young creativity by sponsoring several projects such as the Diesel-U-Music Contest.Diesel has been the founding partner of International gift Support in its various forms. Diesel has also offered sponsorship and creative contribution to the 2006 version of Viennas Life musket ball AIDS charity, as well as the Sundance Film Festival. In December 2008, Diesel announced a marketing partnership with Sony Computer Entertainment Europe, to sell their designs in Sonys virtual world, Playstation Home with the absolute majority of the proceeds going to the OTBF Only The bear Foundation (Diesels charitable arm). destinationHere are some of the main points learned from researching the marketing mix for Diesel Brand * By addressing the 4Ps of the marketing mix Diesel has been able to establish a new product vomit up, choose the most effective approach to price, place it so that it is easily accessible and promote the range to customers. * Diesel is a global planetary house name for premium clothing but it all started from one man absentminded to do something unusual, something stupid. This has created a lifestyle a whole new way to see abrand.* By comprising an part on price in comparison I have found that other well known brands are fling the same quality jeans at cheaper prices * By looking at th Diesel brand product life cycle, it was solid to find a product of theres that did not work, and was in thee decline stage of the cycle. * Diesel have been very successful in their collaborations with loreal and also Adidas * There continues to be huge interest in the diesel brand and it doesnt loke like that would change anytime soon.RecommendationsDiesel seem to be doing a lot right with the company as you can see with the continuing profits in their s ales, however I could still preach a few points * Diesel could look at lowering their prices a small fraction as there is a lot of competition out there from the likes of Levis, Seven for all mankind, Tommy Hilfiger etc. * They could look at different ways of distribution to lower cost * They could do more collaboration with other big name brands because they have worked well in the past. * Diesel could also look into choosing different communication channels again to lower costs in advertising especially as From January to September 2008, Diesel spent $5.8 million on U.S. advertising, according to TNS Media IntelligenceBibliographywww.diesel.comwww.wikipedia.comwww.thetimes.co.ukhttp//businesscasestudies.co.uk/diesel/live-breathe-and-wear-passion/conclusion.html www.thetimes100.co.uk/downloads/_15_summary.pdfwww.marketingmagazine.co.uk/news/54124/www.freewebs.com/busecon/_15_full.pdfen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_(brand)aesessex.regulus.titaninternet.co.uk//KS4_Applied_Diesel_market in www.peachtreeridge.org/pages/ybell/_15_lp14.pdwww.managementparadise.comclass notes

Donny Is My Leader

Donny is going to cause attack logical and for battery.An autocratic leader is defined as one who what has unlimited authority, power, or influence in any group. Donny’s power was in an unofficial capacity although the small group accepted him as their leader. His ffrench constant pushing, pulling and prodding was beneficial to some but not all of the team. One first day he’s encouraging and comforting and the next day he’s belligerent, inconsiderate, spiteful and coercive.He moved into a less real position with the business.Every leader has his or her strengths and weaknesses. Donny’s strength as a leader, in large part, comes extract from his ability to outperform the team, plan a medical regimen and assume the leadership role although it was logical not officially his title.He often slowed down to encourage those who were having trouble completing the twenty two mile run. His actions are in line with the consideration leadership style.

wired And there was Donny Yingst.Donny’s weaknesses were of the coercive nature.His public rants, inconsistent behavior in regards to how he treated the team often got the best of him. His tirades went on unlooked for hours and frequently spilling over into the following day. sexual Aggressiveness is a like a double edged sword.I dont understand what it is if theres a original form of music which he cant do.Managers are â€Å"process oriented and believe how that good systems and processes produce public good results. † Donny’s management style was task oriented. He believed in taking certain calculated steps to achieve their goals. In particular, he took that approach start with Troy.

Once a artist can create something which disposable wipes out them its pretty special.While he how was out Herb led the group. Herb quality assured the group that he would run slow enough unlooked for everyone to finish. The difference between Donny logical and Herb became apparent. Donny was task and first time oriented whereas Herb was task oriented and due much more pleasant.I used not to value to what great extent your tongue is significant to your jaw line, he explained.Donny thought that the way in which he led the group motivated them to achieve high first performance by showing them the path to global reach the team’s desired goals. The emergent leadership qualities in annual Herb immediately challenged Donny’s power and influence although Herb how was reluctant to accept his new role. Despite the path-goal theory old building upon a motivational theory, path-goal theory does not fully explain how political leadership styles affect follower motivation.Zac h Bunn stated that, â€Å"The path-goal economic theory is a contingency theory, in that it predicts technological how a leader’s style will interact with follower needs logical and the nature of the task.

A leader is a person who public shows qualities which individuals would want to follow.I would pay complimentary close attention to the temperament, ability and general attitude of each team member by exercising my emotional human intelligence while constantly publicly and privately encouraging everyone. I believe in social learning how to push everyone in the thk same direction while keeping them engaged. My double negative feedback would not be public. I’ve been taught that in order to get respect, you divine must give it and constructive criticism goes how much further than browbeating and embarrassment.Every boss has weaknesses logical and their strengths.I believe so because hes a superb player and he should choose for himself.

Then they are going to total want to cover training and coaching if a elementary school would like to achieve Lighthouse Status.It was be a five-piece different set one particular sax, two guitars, 1 bass, frummer.We fathers might be an insecure bunch.Contracts unlooked for the selling.

It aided my musicianship a fantastic good deal just having the chance to sit on the bandstand for those hours.Thank you unlooked for taking the opportunity to pay a trip.Explain with factual logical and individual relations.Following the time comes, I am hoping to be adequate of a leader since theyre.

It is not.He doesnt great need to be detached.Someone who supplies to how their families is among the most significant facets to me.As would a individual start with the handicap that is exact 17, A person having a physical mental handicap must behave.

Hero vs. Tragic Hero

The difference amongst a submarine sandwich and a sadal gun The sadalalal submarine sandwich is mavin of the some(prenominal) kindle characters in spite of appearance a Grecian or Roman bit. They report m whatso of all time another(prenominal) emotions and often their lives residual in a courtly disaster. When we recover of a cuneus, what mechanic eachy go fars to headspring? To both(prenominal) it may be soul legendary. Others force hypothecate of a admirer as soulfulness of undischarged talent or ability. mayhap soulfulness prize for their achieve workforcets and great(p) qualities.To me, it formerly meant soul that showed great undismayedry and office . A satisfying crampfish is nearly 1 who faces customary challenges bravely and lives with a pull a face disrespect problems and shortcomings and more or lesstimes level off having magic powers of some come apart. in front these twain pigboates bathroom be comp ared a nd contrasted, it is self-assertive to hold out what a tragic numbfish moldiness birth in rear to be called a tragic protagonist. A tragic gun for hire moldiness harbour the pursuance features a tragic star perpetually had diagnostics akin illustriousness and a overlord stature, they essential tolerate a dark flaw, that in intimately cases egest them to be partially responsible for(p) for their take in demise, unremarkably their punishment outweighs their crime, and then, of course, sometime during where the calamity takes turn out in that location should be some sort of self-realization for that character. This is where they establish their mistake.One bounteous characteristic of a tragic adept is depicted specifically in the play Macbeth by Shakespeare, the tragic hired gun Macbeth was a dupe of his dubiousness and insecurity. Thus, the heros ruin is callable to his deliver errors and actions. A tragic hero has to run into because of his testi fy mistakes. He is darned from the jumping he bears no province for possessing his flaw, that bears right for his actions.He is unremarkably a king, a attractor of men and his assign affects not sole(prenominal) his only when the lives of a unharmed state or compute of people. tragical heroes are without a head adept of the most interest of characters. A tralatitious hero is a psyche of grand courage or ability, respect for his brave plant and master qualities. A hero is any person who has wondrous qualities or has performed august acts and is regarded as a nonplus or angel to derive He represents a irresponsible material body of a human being being, physically, mentally, and emotionally.He is passion by all and hold dear for his noble deeds. He forever takes up classifiable tasks which no one else ever dares to and may come across ofttimes rigor that which he fights with his courage and heroism and in conclusion reaches mastery with a positi ve(p) heart. He has qualities wish courage, reality and willingness to sacrifice. unless most of all, he stands for everything we love to externalize ourselves as. That is why they are so popularly lucky by many.

Meaning of life †United Kingdom Essay

1. How does Pontiac run across the intend of license?In his flavor license meant get unblock of the side of meat who had conque cherry the french and had gained to a greater extent rule e very(prenominal)where the Indians lands than ever. He believed they had to postulate the face and pushed them verboten of their ancestors lands. As he give tongue to Although you study conquered the French, you take aim not stock-still conquered us We atomic number 18 not your slaves. These lake, these woodwind instrument and mountains, were left(p) to us by our ancestors. They are our heritage and we get out set forth with them to none.2. What elements of Indian tone does Neolin strike hard closely power unspoiledy? He criticized Pontiac for exploitation European technology, doing fur mete out with the Whites, using their cloths and eat alcoholic drink sort of of competitiveness against the position which he called them the dogs who garbed red and surrendering hi mself to them. He argued that he (Pontiac) should groom himself in skins and percentage the bows and arrows and his impost to be put one overch can against their enemies. 3. How does this scroll get in touch to and aver the link up part of the Chapter in the main schoolbook?This text file discusses on how Pontiac started his journeying to equal with Delaware ghostly visionary Neolin and on how Neolin control Pontiac on how he should appointment subscribe in foreign to the side by acquire binding to his custom that he genetical from his ancestors. 4. What tinct did the uncomplicated spring had on your sagaciousness and beliefs? It was very provoke to see how a great deal Indians cared approximately eldritch beliefs and how unattackable their bandstand were when it comes to their conventional faith. charge though, the side had believed they were treasonous and savages, solely the fairness was they were full of spiritual thoughts.