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Tuesday, April 30, 2019

Nonverbal Communication in Dating Relationships Essay

Nonverbal Communication in Dating Relationships - Essay ExampleThrough studies of communications surrounded by individuals, for example, exploreers have discovered a correlation in six specific motives for interpersonal communications, pleasure, affection, inclusion, escape, relaxation, and control, (Myers, 2001). Individuals will verbatim their interpersonal communications, both verbal and nonverbal, to satisfy one or more of these motives. During interpersonal communications it is more or less often what is not said that concerns individuals rather than what is said. A wife may wonder more astir(predicate) what is implied by the flat tone of her husbands voice than by what he has stated verbally. An employee may begin to suspiciousness his boss if during private conversations the boss avoids eye contact with the employee (Le Poire, 2002). Researchers generally agree that all communications having both verbal and nonverbal elements comprise two levels of meaning and that both have a report and a command function. The report aspect is the content and is concerned with what is verbalized. The command aspect is synonymous with the relational nub and is concerned with what the entire message implies slightly the relationship how communicators feel about their partner, about themselves in the relationship, and about the relationship in general. (Le Poire, 2002)The lack of under stand regarding nonverbal messages is partiall... Direct eye contact, for example, can mean to signify intimacy as well as anger. What determines the meaning of this behavior is the host of nonverbal cues displayed at the uniform time. No one nonverbal cue can be interpreted without considering the additional nonverbal behaviors. By example then the message implied by direct eye contact can only be determined by observing the proximity of the communicator, body orientation, other facial expressions, and the behavior of the communicators hands and arms. If the communicator is standi ng close, smiling, and touching gently they ar communicating intimacy. If they are grimacing while pointing a finger at the others chest, they are communicating anger (Le Poire, 2002).Research regarding communication and nonverbal immediacy behaviors between marital partners has only lately started to receive serious attention (Hinkle, 1999). Some of the research indicates that an important nonverbal immediacy behavior involve to sustain a relationship is the partners liking one another (Hinkle, 1999). Liking performs an important function in relational maintenance. However, it is not clear exactly what behaviors married partners use to follow their relationships (Hinkle, 1999).Additional research suggests that partners lovable in nonverbally immediate behaviors view each other in a more haughty way than those who do not engage in nonverbally immediate behaviors (Richmond, 2003).While much research has started to accumulate regarding nonverbal and verbal communications between married partners and the use of nonverbal immediacy behaviors to maintain these marital relationships, research regarding how these communication methods influences the early stages of a pre-marital relationship is only now beginning to

Land Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Land Law - Essay instanceThis is termed as easement by prescription, and is quite frequent on rural lands, where a landowner may fail to realise the surreptitious use of his land. The incorrect location of fences, results in normative easements, if left unchecked.1The claim obtained from enjoyment or use, as stipulated by the law, had been defined as prescription. An easement by prescription was a proprietary interest in the servient land that would have a binding effect on the successors in title to such land. Prescription recognised that on occasion, individuals had to access land belonging to others. Moreover, the law should be flexible, and frequently, over a protracted period the formal process of acquiring rights had to be circumvented.2Easements arise through and through three methods first, prescription at coarse law. This is based on the assumption that the use had commenced prior to the social class 1189, and was for a nonstop period of 20 years. The second is that o f lost modern succumb, which requires 20 years of continuous use to establish an easement by prescription. This is not affected by any evidence, from the servient owner that no grant had been provided. Finally, under the Prescription Act 1832, uninterrupted use for 20 years, establishes a prescriptive right.3The common law prescription presents several difficulties. In order to rectify this situation, the doctrine of lost modern grant was introduced by the courts. This principle permits a claimant to obtain a prescriptive easement, if he had enjoyed continuous use for 20 years. In Dalton v Angus,4 their Lordships upheld this principle.5In addition, the Land Registration Act 2002 has sustained the overriding status of prescriptive easements. Although, these interests do not find a place on the land register, they are enforceable against a land owner.6In our present problem, there

Monday, April 29, 2019

Should Human Beings Depend More On Biofuels Research Paper

Should Human Beings seem More On Bio evokes - Research Paper Exampleance of this dodo fuel is indisputable, recent study has faulted its unbroken subroutine and thus proposed the purpose of renewable energy such as biofuel (Klare). Studies carried out on the use of biofuels have clearly indicated their benefits although they too depict a small aspect of challenges to the environment and human lives. This dress will detail on the reasons why Human Beings should Depend More on Biofuels.Studies conducted environmental sentry duty support the use of biofuels as a substitute to the widely known fossil fuel. Here, the studies argue that fossil fuel will help net the issue of global change caused by use of fossil fuel. Reports collected over the past years have faulted the use of fossil fuel stating its contribution in accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. These greenhouse gases have been said to cause a potentially withering warming of Earths atmosphere, or put is simply word global warming (Cooper). Today, global warming has become a serious issue across the globe to an extent of fetching a centre stage in most international meetings on environment. Nations of the world are unendingly being warned of facing tougher repercussions from gravel Nature if they cannot curb the emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases produced by burning fossil fuel. One of the long term effects of global warming is economic demise as people would not be able to benefit fully from the land and other aspects of Mother Nature. Looking at this, it is imperative that human being depend more on fossil fuel as the other best alternative (fossil fuel) depict serious implications to the environment. Such is the case that biofuels emit negligible greenhouse gases as opposed to fossil fuels and thus serves as the best eco-friendly energy with ability to solve the issue of global warming.Quality of environment and public health is the other concern raised when consider ing the use of biofuels. Here, scientific studies have established that

Sunday, April 28, 2019

Read What is a language, and write a short essay (about 750 words)

Read What is a language, and write a short (about 750 words) summarizing the arguments they give in support of their cla - Essay ExampleWithin modern linguistic theory, claiming that a language is rule-managed is to maintain that it can be described in terms of grammar which is a set of rules (Smith and Wilson 332). Grammar has both major roles separating grammatical from incorrect sentences and providing explanation of each grammatical sentence indicating how it should be pronounced and what it depicts (Smith and Wilson 333). Speakers of a language habitually be ache as if their language was rule-governed yet not all speakers of the aforementioned(prenominal) language possess same set rules. For each speaker, there is a right and a ruin way of constructing and understanding sentences. This can neither be explained exclusively in terms of customs nor argon habits, since the case novel utterances, produced and comprehended without having been heard before (Smith and Wilson 333). It can also not be explained only when in terms of convention or social agreement as each speaker has variable methods of construction and understanding which he shares with no one else (Smith and Wilson 334). Rule system can easily be created and operated by one individual such as, cases of children discipline their first language and that of adults with idiosyncratic speech patterns (Smith and Wilson 339). ... The grammar that a speaker actually possesses will depend, at least in part, on the utterances he has heard in the past-mainly as a child learning language for the first time.Since each speaker will have heard varied set of utterances, it is not surprising that he comes to possess a slightly different grammar from those of people around him (Smith and Wilson 333). Strictly speaking, in spite of the miscellany of the utterances of which speakers are exposed in learning their language, Smith and Wilson argue that there seems to be incredible similarity in grammars which resu lt from learning swear out (333). The linguistic knowledge that speakers have is un conscious(p) knowledge. The work of a linguist is to devise explicitly conscious grammatical conventions that speakers are acquainted with. The distinction between rule-governed regularities and fortuitous patterns in language is commonly by probative generalization and accidental generalizations (Smith and Wilson 334). Accidental generalizations occur by chance while significant are those attained after operation of rules thus, the search for linguistic rules has two aspects. One is the search for patterns and routine is the rejection of those patterns which are considered accidental (Smith and Wilson 335). According to a study by Noam Chomsky, human beings are inherently attached to learn certain varieties of language (Smith and Wilson 336). In other words, the languages that actually exist are the ones that children are subjected to learn. This is back up further by two facts first, that hum an languages exhibit noteworthy similarities second, children follow remarkable parallel routes to

Saturday, April 27, 2019

Ethical Dilemma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

respectable Dilemma - Essay ExampleIn short we can say that there is no hunky-dory outcome of an good dilemma and despite this, decisions have to be made. The outcome of the ethical dilemma affects two the subject and object leaving both unhappy at the close of the day. How I became Aware of the margin I came to know about the ethical dilemmas and its severity when a lady in my neighborhood face this emplacement. Let us call the lady ABC. She was pregnant and belonged to Jehovah Witnesses Sect of religion. Unfortunately she met an accident in which she lost her course. When she was brought to the hospital her breathing rate was 28/m and she was complaining about weakness in the head. After careful evaluation and several different tests including ultrasonography the doctors suggested blood transfusion to save her and the baby. The situation became worst when she refused to accept blood as it was against her religion. Doctors suggested other ways of blood gain like blood produ cts but she refused both the methods on religious grounds. In her worst situation she delivered a baby. But subsequently two hours her condition became even worst and she died of cardiac arrest. The doctors were bound to follow the religious ethics as they could not do anything against anyones religion. This is a complete and true example of ethical dilemma. The Dilemma The major ethical dilemma was that by honoring the perseverings autonomy and religious beliefs, the physicians and interdisciplinary team were faced with compromising their moral duty to administer professional care in accordance with established standards.(Chua & Tham, 2006). ANA Code of morals and the Facility at the Hospital While treating her, the Doctors were bound to follow a particular principle of ANA grave of Ethics that is to respect and honor the religious beliefs of the patients. Preserving her religious values, the doctors did not infuse blood and at the end she died. The provision of ANA code of E thics further highlight that the applys primary commitment is to the patient and hence, all other factors become meaningless once the patient break outs consent to the treatment, in our case it could be an acceptance of blood diffusion. Both the parties were affected by following the ANA code of ethics, the Doctor and the patient with her family. The ethical dilemma relating to the religious beliefs of the patients are complex in nature. The religious and social beliefs, if not handled properly, may give rise to other ethical threats like discriminatory practices, bias on religious basis and so on. Any attempt to force or taking uninformed health saving practice poses a greater risk to the nursing profession leading to a deterioration of reputation of nurses. Hence, there is a strong relationship between a religious factor and the abidance of ANA code of ethics in making decisions when the patients life is at stake. Under such circumstances, a nurse must use his/her convincing ab ilities through proper communication with the patients and their families. The decision, however, lies with the caretakers and the patients regarding practices that are against their will, religion or social norms. The nurse has a responsibility of confidentiality towards the patient as per ANA code of ethics. In order to convince the patient on blood

Friday, April 26, 2019

Assignment on Geology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

duty assignment on Geology - Essay Example349).If a supervolcano erupted, the effects would be catastrophic. The Lake Toba eruption, which occurred in what is now Sumatra and In dosia approximately 74,000 geezerhood ago, plunged the earth into a volcanic winter and killed approximately 60% of the human population at the time. on that point are all kinds of reasons pile live near a volcano. The reasons are similar to why people live near other hazards. People tend to live where they wealthy person roots, regardless of the potential risks. Fortunately, scientists have set up risk assessments.For example, scientists have developed an extensive series of protocols for the residents living near the Soufriere Hills release on the Caribbean island of Montserrat. This volcano was dormant for almost one hundred years before comme il faut progressive again in 1995, and has continued to erupt ever since. It eruptions have subjected in over half of Montserrat becoming uninhabitable.There are those who have remained, though. In response to the few that have stubbornly ref utilize to leave their home, scientists founded what last became the Montserrat Volcano Observatory (MVO) immediately after the first phreatic explosions on July 18, 1995 (MVO.ms n.p.). As a result of the MVOs research, the Soufriere Hills Volcano has become one of the most closely monitored volcanoes in the world. Monitoring of this volcano is done by measuring the deformation of its flanks and dome, by measuring the ambient sulphur dioxide concentrations at ground level, by recording and analyzing volcanic earthquakes, and by visual observations (Monitoring n.p.). The MVO publishes their regular reports and risk assessments on their website, and prints leaflets and posters to disseminate end-to-end the island.The Montserrat government and the MVO have adopted risks assessments since the 1995 eruption, the most recent version being the Hazard Level System, which has been used since August 2008. I t divides the southern two-thirds of

Thursday, April 25, 2019

Coral Reefs in the Philippines and the trophic levels and organism Research Paper - 1

Coral Reefs in the Philippines and the trophic takes and organism localization and interaction specific to this area - Research Paper ExampleMoreover, they let food security and livelihoods to people in the country. However, the stability of reefs in the region is under thr tuckers. This has occurred due to unhealthful fishing methods and overuse of resources (Unico Conservation Foundation, 2012). The threat in this ecosystem is seen as a threat to Philippines livelihoods due to a higher train of reliance on reefs.In coral reefs, there exists a feeding kindred between various organisms. The relationship helps in the transfer of energy from one level to another (Rose, 2009). A reef in a normal environment ensures stability and sustenance of these organisms.In the lower level of the reef are the producers. These ensure there is a creation of food for other organisms up in the system. There are a number of producers in the coral reef ecosystems. The most common are phytoplankton, algae, and species of seaweed (Rose, 2009). However, the study producer in the system is the phytoplankton (Rose, 2009). The organisms at this symbolise live in close railroad tie with the corals. Hence, they contribute to the make up of the reefs.Consumers occupy the second level (Rose, 2009). However, the consumers are divided into primary, secondary, and tertiary. The first level in this stage is occupied by primary consumers (Rose, 2009). The consumers at this level are herbivores (Rose, 2009). Some of the major herbivores in the marine environment include zooplankton, invertebrate larvae, benthic grazers, sea urchins, some corals and crabs as well as green sea turtles and herbivorous fish (Rose, 2009). However, the most abundant consumers at this stage are zooplankton (Rose, 2009). However, the feeding mechanism of creatures at this level varies. For example, the benzic grazers and some coral species adopt a different mechanism in which they feed through filtration (Rose, 2 009). The form of feeding helps them to filter phytoplankton out of the water. Other creatures eat algae and seaweed directly. The

Wednesday, April 24, 2019

Brady v Norman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Brady v Norman - Essay ExampleHis stint was cut short, however, when he got into a scuffle with the President of ASLEF, Mr. Samways on 20th May 2004 at a barbecue. After five days, he was suspended. In July of that same year, he was accused of forgery for signing a cheque in the name of the Assistant General Secretary, with the last mentioneds consent and knowledge. In August 2004, he was dismissed as General Secretary using the forgery and the barbecue scuffle as grounds. A claim for unfair dismissal was brought against the ASLEF by Mr. Brady, and the avocation Tribunal ruled in his favour. Upon appeal before the Employment Appeal Tribunal, the appeal was likewise dismissed. However, on June 5, 2006, the respondent Mr. Norman, who was the General Secretary voted to replace Mr. Brady, uttered these words before the ASLEFS Annual meeting place of Delegates on 5th June 2006. The following words were made the basis of the defamation charge brought by Mr. Brady against Mr. Norman the facts are, Conference, that the General Secretary was involved in a fight the General Secretary was forging cheques and it is a matter of opinion you can draw whatever opinion you like as to whether his actions in the media brought the core into disrepute. What you can non possibly walk away from is that he was involved in a fight with the thence President, and he forged cheques. ... Mr. Brady was awarded indemnity because the following words were deemed libellous ASLEF conference delegates declined to debate a proposition job for former General Secretary Mr Brady to address Conference, coupled to efforts to consider his reinstatement. They felt it was pointless to discuss a past era. One compelling reason was that the Certification Officer had ruled the previous calendar week that Mr Brady had legitimately been excluded from ASLEF membership for bringing the Union into disrepute. 3 However, the words spoken during the Assembly (the first quoted paragraph) did not come to the knowledge of Mr. Brady until September 2008. In 2009, or when the first libel action was concluded, Mr. Brady brought suit for defamation. under the Defamation Act 2006, the statute of limitations to bring suit runs for only one year, and this likewise appears in portion 4A of the Limitation Act 1980 as amended. Mr. Brady filed a Part 8 claim seeking disapplication of the one-year limit. atom 32A of the 1980 Act enables the court to disapply section 4A if it appears to the court that it would be equitable to allow the action to proceed having wish to the degree to which the judgment of conviction limit prejudices the claimant and to the degree to which disapplying the time limit would prejudice the defendant.4 The Master ruled against disapplying the time limit and consequently moved to dismiss the claim, ruling that doing so would be prejudicial to the defendant. The case is then brought up on Appeal. Point of Law The crux of the issue on appeal is whether or not there is meri t in waiving the time limit in the case under Section 32A, considering that the law of nature

Tuesday, April 23, 2019

The moral diversity argument for nonobjectivism Essay

The honourable novelty argument for nonobjectivism - Essay ExampleDifferent cultures and religions look at moral principles differently, based on their cultures understanding of them. With this, it can be assumed that moral diversity is the differences in interpretation of morality. It does not mean though that these diverse principles would always be in contrast with each other. Some may actually be in support with each other. A particular moral diversity argument is the argument for non-objectivism, wherein non-objectivists claim that moral claims are relative and reliant on the article of faiths of an individual or concourse. This is in contrast to a moral objectivists point of slang wherein the truth and morality is independent of anyones judgment.Non-objectivism emphasizes the diversity between the belief systems of different cultures. Non-objectivism views moral diversity as real and possible since individuals and groups view moral principles and objectives differently. O ne truth can be the others false, depending on what culture is talking about it. Non-objectivism is concerned about particular views and dispositions of individuals rather than an absolute truth. It sees truth and ethical motive as relative and subjective. Thus, moral diversity is in sync with the principles of non-objectivism.In contrast, objectivism views truth as absolute. on that point is only one truth, much like one teaching, similar as how Christianitys Jesus teaches, that there is only One God. Moral objectivists see moral principles as independent of an individual or groups interpretation of it. The truth and moral principles are right or wrong regardless of the belief of the person.

Monday, April 22, 2019

College is a Waste of Time, and Money Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

College is a Waste of Time, and Money - Essay voiceWe have already heard in the news and discussion forums the unresponsiveness of our direct system that it does non necessarily prep atomic number 18 an individual in the real world. Even Bill Gates criticized the present school system and its curricula that it is no longer reflective of what is needed in the real world that has real problems The toll of going to college is also not to be taken lightly. It is expensive and typically comprises the majority of the savings of the parents of a typical middle class parent. The expenses are not only limited to tuition, but also the books, venire and lodging and other miscellaneous costs. Considering that an individual will not plain be getting a real education that is responsive to the real problems in the real life settings, it is not worth it to omit that much. The money and time that is supposed to be spent in college can be dropd in other better things. Real education can be had through other means without use time and resources. College only prepares an individual to be a conformist and an employee to get a job and brave out a life of drudgery of getting up early and working for someone else. College does not even teach you how to cast money in a smart way. According to Robert Kiyosaki in his bestseller book recondite Dad Poor Dad, college does not prepare an individual for financial independence. ... Many of the subjects that are offered in the courses in college are also impractical and unnecessary. They have no use except to burden a learner with additional workload and tuition expense with only the satisfaction of finishing the course. In short, many of the things that are taught in college are just nice to know. Worst, the things that are learned that are supposed to tally the student when he or she gets into the real world, are forgotten by the time the student have because of the long stay in school. The apprehension that is inevitable in life is not also pedantic intelligence or intelligence quotient (IQ) as what school is telling us but emotional intelligence or real life intelligence that solves real life problems (Wechesler, 1982 qtd. In Mandel & Pherwani, 2003). This kind of intelligence which is required in real life is not even taught in college and in fact even downplayed by the academics. It has always been assumed that a higher IQ that is needed in college would equate to a desirable performance in real life and a determinant of an individuals success in a chosen career. It has always been stressed that college is an appropriate preparation for an individual to succeed or make it in life. Real life, street or emotional intelligence on the other hand has been traditionally regarded as a weakness and irrelevant. It has been thought that being street smart has no bearing nor use in professional endeavors and as such, irrelevant. Real life learning has always been relegated as inferior to college. new-fangle d studies however have illustrated that school/college and its IQ is an insufficient predictor of success. As early as 1920, Thorndike has already contended that to make it in life,

Changing Roles of Worker ( Evolution of Management) Essay

Changing Roles of Worker ( Evolution of Management) - Essay ExampleFocus would be over an bind by Lauren Keller Johnson entitled Are you getting the most from your noesis worker? (2006). Moreover, the paper would revolve slightly the evolution of management roles particularly from a boss to a coach or player role. In order to explore the shift in roles, the paper would elaborate and describe the roles of the player/coach, how this role is achieved by a motorcoach. Moreover, it would discuss over how the manager identifies knowledge workers without having proper means to identify, measure and quantify knowledge itself. Changing Roles of Workers According to Austin (2006), a knowledge worker is someone who is not hired to do manual work as they are most productive when given the autonomy to work with their skills as they are the workers who are employed due to their deep knowledge over a subject, this quality of the knowledge worker makes them exclusive and diverse from tradition al workers. A precise characterization of knowledge workers can be quoted by Davenport in his article Knowledge work and the Future of management (2001) which states them as the workers who contribute in disseminating knowledge much(prenominal) as product development engineers, or the workers whose work revolves around the application of knowledge, such as financial auditors Furthermore, Austin claimed that with when dealing with knowledge workers, the management is more democratic as contradictory to being autocratic and where bosses are more like knowledge managers kinda than leaders. This evolving role of bosses is maked by Davenport as marking eight key trends of the player/coach role these trends include performing tasks themselves rather than only supervising it, replacing the organization of hierarchies by allowing the formation of communities, understanding the nature of the work and formulate work design models instead of enforcing them, having a more open approach tow ards training while disapprove redundancy and demoralization, replacing manual skills by those that contribute in building knowledge, focusing upon invisible doing achievements rather than evaluating visible achievements, promoting a culture of knowledge versus one of ignorance, and finally, nurturing bureaucracy (Wagner, 2002) Often managers fail to recognize the abilities of the workers to become knowledge workers when in actuality, every worker is a knowledge worker as they would be able to, if given the opportunity, assume the roles of player/coach as it was envisaged by the eight trends mentioned earlier. A worker being employed by an organization would be, with the passage of time, adding his or her knowledge into the corporate culture of the organization. The intensify corporate culture would become a strong aspect for the business as it would help in improving the work practices by adding value to the knowledge base of the organization and helping it function better. The figure out would bring out the role of a coach/player from a knowledge manager who was initially a knowledge worker in the organization. A vital measure of the efficacy of the knowledge manager is through the relationships that they inculcate and maintain (Serrat, 2008). The management of knowledge workers can only be accomplished by managers who do not only possess the skills of good leaders, but who are equally as suitable being team players and followers. It involves progression of talent by influencing skills of knowledge work

Sunday, April 21, 2019

Research on Using handphone to activate and deactivate the car camera Paper

On Using handphone to activate and deactivate the car camera - look into Paper ExampleThis paper analyses the usage of hand phone to activate and deactivate the car camera. television camera security systems usually incorporate a central computer or storage device to nature video. Most female genitalia also be hooked up to monitors for immediate viewing. In recent years, piano tuner technology has made it possible to eliminate cumbersome wires and make camera security systems more versatile. These piano tuner cameras can integrate with a personal computer, and some can even be monitored by cellphone phone. Wireless cameras transmit to a wireless receiver that can translate the signal back into linear video or simply send it to a digital storage device, such as a DVR 8 gondola car cameras can be use as an electronically controlled security guard robot to the cars. Car cameras or electronic surveillance system excels where the manual security measures fail. Car cameras can be u sed to photograph robbery or intrusion or destruction of the vehicle using remote control. It can be controlled using a hand phone as well. Car camera has various features deal remote control, motion sensor to automatically activate the Mobile Cam, photo documentation of vandalism, theft, and altercations, ability to render and store up to 680 digital images, view playback on home TV and monitors, record images on whatsoever VCR, displays date and time, ability to capture images at night or in very low light, favorable to adjust and install. 1. It is easy for the vehicle owners or the police force to track the activities of the intruders using the combinational go of car cam and hand phone.In Normal mode, the car camera begins taking pictures as soon as it is switched on. The camera function is so designed that when the memory becomes full it can overwrite on the pictures showtime from first. It is possible to switch off the overwrite mode if needed. As per the United States l aw, as long as the

Saturday, April 20, 2019

Organizational Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 3

Organizational Behavior - Essay ExampleThus, some colored individuals can non make out at the highest level, because of their own prejudices. Actually, biases are too powerful triggers of negative energy and emotions. Moreover, employees can be subject to biases of the managers and employers. In the result of this type of dyed context and relations, qualified people can be excluded from their forthcoming successful careers or effective performance at work. There are two main categories of biased people. The first group holds a stronger implicit bias and another group of people are little biased. It is possible to differentiate and claim that there are 2 main types of biases a counter intended and unconscious bias. In accordance with this classification, even the person with good intentions, reputation and many other peremptory traits can let his biased ideas and intentions go. Managers are responsible for prevention of biases. For example, they can motivate an employees perf ormance, involve a superior character of employees developments and cooperate with employees effectively at different levels. There is a famous face Thomas v. Kodak where an implicit bias was identified. The court claimed that they identified subjective evaluations which could easily mask covert or unconscious race discrimination (Banaji, Bazerman & Chugh, 2003). In this case we can consider a corporate financial obligation and creation of a stable terra firma for prevention of potential biases in the future. One of possible ship canal out of dealing with biases is the Implicit Association Test. A person can reveal his hidden biased beliefs if he passes this type of test. For example, he can think about association triggered in his head, when he looks at the words connected with images of different people. Data obtained in the result of tests processed... This paper stresses that cognitive loading implies a large number of ethical issues concerning the use of the faking warning. Whether it is a breach of professional ethics or not is a challenging question. Personal issues should be considered and biases can be revealed in the process of tests application. On the basis of obtained results, it is possible for the managers of the organization to define levels of biases classification. However, it is possible to introduce a certain degree of coaching in the Company and conduct further research on various biases. In other words, even if the cases of biases in the organization are identified, it is possible to develop possible strategies to deal with them. It can be claimed that not forever application of Item Response Theory may be helpful in identifying biased persons who provided faked answers. In the majority of cases, IRT is based on a mathematical model and the relationship between test-takers levels on the character trait being measured and their ability to choose different types of response of a certain constitution test item.This report makes a conclu sion that biased prejudices exist in the modern organizations. The basic sources of prejudices and biases are racism and sexism. A person can be biased either intentionally or not. It is relevant to identify a biased nature of a potential employee to foster the organizations progress. Modern society and media worm moral judgments of people and there is no one to be blamed for biases, but only people. We become developed the world we live in. We have created conditions for biases development and it is on our behalf to deal with social prejudices biases.

Friday, April 19, 2019

Building Performance Management through Employee Participation Essay - 1

Building Per orchestrateance Management by means of Employee confederacy - Essay ExampleTo ensure the employees are motivated and committed to achieving organizational goals and consequently success or effectiveness, effectance management is crucial. Most people use the terms performance management and performance judgement interchangeably but performance appraisal is just part of performance management aimed at ensuring that employees perform their jobs up to the expected standards. Since performance management involves ensuring the right employee behavior, employees participation in the process is key to effectiveness. bankruptcy to involve employees in making decisions in issues that affect them may lead to negative solutions as illustrated in the Jewelers Mutual Insurance Company (JMI). These include poor job attitudes, reduced motivation, and reduced effort on the job (Mathis and Jackson 354). Employee participation is considered crucial in determining whether specific perf ormance management methods, procedures and requirements volition be accepted and that they work effectively to support performance improvement (OPM.gov). Employee dissatisfaction is as a result of not engaging employees in the process. Employees have different personalities and gum olibanum different assents and perceptions. As such, seeking their opinion in issues that affect them ensures acceptability and commitment (Roberts 89). Consider JMI which a performance management in plate but employees were dissatisfied with the way goal-directed behavior was being encouraged. If the organization had involved the employees in decision making on the goals to be completeed and the expected performance standards, the employees would have been comfort commensurate with the process since they are already aware of what is expected of them. Besides, Roberts asserts that if the employees are involved in setting standards and performance measures, they cannot perceive the process to be unfa ir (93). As such employee participation in the process leads to increased reliability, fairness and validity. He also asserts that since employees gain ownership of the process, they are committed to ensuring its success (89). Employee participation in designing the rating form makes it acceptable to the ratees hence minimizing conflicts between management and employees. After engaging employees in the performance management process, JMI was able to get commitment and support from employees and improved performance. This was through improvements to the strategy, that is, their views were incorporated during the redesigning process thus creating a system acceptable to all and which linked performance management to new(prenominal) human resource activities. This case is thus a good example of how employee participation enhances greater support for the system. The experience of JMI is also a lesson to other organizations on how performance management systems can be improved. One of the ways to improve the system is through continuous feedback. Some organizations hold review meetings annually thus do not give employees condescend feedback. This is detrimental to the organization since an employee is unable to understand whether he or she is accomplishing what he/she set out to accomplish or make amendments and move in the right direction. As a result, the performance may not improve. For Roberts, job satisfaction and performance can be enhanced by use of a specific, punctual and behavioral feedback by a credible source (93). Frequent feedback also allows redefining of goals and

Thursday, April 18, 2019

Performance management article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Performance management article - Essay grammatical caseMeasurement of performance is through the collection, analyzing and dissemination of data to assess the production of an individual, group or physical composition as a whole. For a companys success in the field, goals atomic number 18 structured as a means for the company to determine its success. This success rate can be calculated through financial capacity, the rate of growth of the company or in terms of the quality of the services rendered. By measuring and creating ways to measure the development of the company, it is possible to measure the success of the company. True to many, the business clich what gets measured gets done is complemented by the study.For a business that is starting up, profit generation is their main objective. Therefore, the managers in maintenance structure policies that allow aid the workforce to attain the necessary goals setup. Use of bonuses is a comm altogether utilise method to incentivi ze the workforce to working better and efficiently. However, change is dynamic and therefore the companys goals are subject to alteration. As such, the company must know the correct performance measurements systems that help the organization in achieving its necessary goals (Neely, 1999). In the recent past, the use of financial systems to measure performance was common. This enables the tight to know whether they were make the most on their profits, as this is the main objective of any business. From the data collected, the firm can only get the results in figures but no more deductions can be made. However, as the years gravel passed companies have sought for more complex systems showAn example of its implementation is the choice for a firm to focus more on its node relation services rather than on sales of the company. This will assist the firm to position itself in the market as an organization that cares about the quality of customer care services. The revised measurement w ill enable the organization to alter

Wednesday, April 17, 2019

Business Legal Environmen(230) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Legal Environmen(230) - Essay grammatical caseIt in addition develops certainty in the rule of justice because the precedents determine outcomes of cases. The doctrine excessively promotes flexibility in the rule of law by allowing judges to avoid existing precedents and establish new ones. It however as well as faces disadvantages such as uncertainty because of the wide scope of precedents and judges ability to deviate from a precedent. It also makes the judicial process rigid and it lacks the primary backing of the constitution (Meiners, Ringleb and Edwards, 10).One of the differences between criminal law and civil law is that civil law relates to private rights of members of the society and regulates relationships between private persons, whether natural or artificial, while criminal law relates to public rights against the state and therefore regulates the relationship between the state and citizens. Penalties to offences also de finely a difference between criminal and civil law. Criminal law induces imprisonment and fine penalties while civil law induces equitable remedies for losses suffered by parties due to civil wrongs (Meiners, Ringleb and Edwards, 108).The Marbury v. Madison snarly a conflict in the rule of law that established a dilemma in the applicable law. The primary case involved a suit by Marbury and others who required the Supreme apostrophize to baseball club the secretary of state to deliver their appointment letters. The constitution however failed to stipulate such role for the advanced court though The Judiciary Act of 1789 established the condition to issue writ of mandamus. The Supreme Court ruled that the judiciary has the index finger to determine applicable law in case of such conflicts and this identifies the power of judicial review. The landmark case was important in offering checks on the congress legislative power by determining validity of legislated laws (Miller and Jentz, 66).Standing to sue defines the state of having a legal interest in a case before initiating litigation. It provides that a plaintiff

Tuesday, April 16, 2019

Analysis of the affectivity of new curriculum Essay Example for Free

Analysis of the affectivity of new platform EssayThe method of selecting a part of the aggregate statistical substance for finding out the information concerning the characteristics of the whole is known as sample distribution. (Das, 2000, p 160). In analyzing the entropy of the schools for studying the effectivity and successfulness of the new curriculum over the honest-to-god one the stratified sampling strategy has been taken. In the total sample of 80 schools, 40 schools would be selected from 100 schools that took the new experimental curriculum and the other 40 schools would be taken from 300 schools that unplowed the old curriculum. Regarding the sampling, the members of the school board hurl made three suggestions for increasing the effectivity of the summary in support of the new experimental curriculum. All these three suggestions, however, if taken would dampen the quality of the experiment in many ways and ultimately the whole study would fail to produce the true picture astir(predicate) the successfulness of the new experimental curriculum.According to the first suggestion, all the 80 schools should be taken from the scoop performing schools which have taken the new experimental curriculum. If this suggestion is taken for sampling then the political campaign willing be biased toward the success of the new experimental curriculum. Sampling error of the test will also be very high since this sampling procedure does not incorporate those schools which are cool off performing better with the old curriculum and those schools which have performed worse with the new curriculum.Similarly if sampling is through with(p) with the second suggestion or the third suggestion, the test will also be biased and sampling error of the test will be high. Besides, if sampling is done with any of these three suggestions, the result of data analysis will not provide the clear picture. In that case by analyzing data we whitethorn infer that the new curriculu m is better than the old curriculum or worse than the old curriculum though in real it is not the case.Therefore we will not be able to shrive whether or not the new curriculum should be roll out to all schools in the district. 2) We have analysed the data which are collected through stratified sampling. a) In our study when we compare the outcome of the analysis of the schools which took new curriculum with those which took old curriculum we find some interesting features which have been shown by the parry 1 and table 2 as follows.

Monday, April 15, 2019

The Simplex Solution Method Essay Example for Free

The Simplex Solution Method EssayThe simplex method is a everyday mathematical final result technique for solving additive computer programming problems. In the simplex method, the pretending is mould into the form of a table, and then a number of mathematical steps ar performed on the table. These mathematical steps in effect replicate the process in graphical analytic thinking of moving from iodin extreme point on the solution boundary to another. However, unlike the graphical method, in which we could simply seem through all the solution points to find the best one, the simplex method moves from one better solution to another until the best one is found, and then it stops. The manual solution of a linear programming model using the simplex method can be a lengthy and tedious process.Years ago, manual finish of the simplex method was the only means for solving a linear programming problem. Now computing machine solution is certainly preferred. However, knowledge of the simplex method can greatly enhance ones understanding of linear programming. Computer software programs like QM for Windows or Excel spreadsheets provide solutions to linear programming problems, but they do not convey an in-depth understanding of how those solutions are derived.To a certain extent, graphical analysis provides an understanding of the solution process, and knowledge of the simplex method further expands on that understanding. In fact, computer solutions are usually derived using the simplex method. As a result, much of the terminology and notation used in computer software comes from the simplex method. Thus, for those students of management science who desire a more in-depth knowledge of linear programming, it is beneficial to study the simplex solution method as provided here.

Alcoholism Feature Article Essay Example for Free

intoxication Feature Article EssayIntroduction (Opening facts) Alcohol is the most dangerous drug in Australia, vanquish crack and heroin into second and third place in the ranking, according to recent studies. The current look into used data from the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health found that well-nigh 60% of 18-24 year old current drinkers, who failed to complete high school, began drinking before the age of 16. The keep an eye on also revealed that teens are more standardizedly to try inebriant for the first time during the summer months, along with other harmful drugs or cigarettes. Teens are susceptible to alcohol mostly during this time due to more idle time, fewer responsibilities and less adult supervision.Effects and offsprings With more than 1 in five teens surrounded by the ages of 14 and 19 of age, consuming alcohol on a weekly basis, the risk of cancer, digestive diseases and habituated related medical issues are predicted to rise. Those who dr ink regularly have been proven to have a commence productivity rate than those of unaffected areas. Underage drinking plays a significant role in risky, knowledgeable and often violent behaviour, which can lead to other health issues or injuries. As a result of this, motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death in people ages 15 to 20. devilish crashes involving alcohol are twice as common in teens compared with people 21 and older. Further more, concoction drinking with swimming or boating can be fatal. Four out of 10 teens that drown have consumed alcohol. Underage drinking has also been linked with deaths and injuries from burns, falls, alcohol poisoning and suicide. Consequently, the total cost pass judgment to pocket-sized drinking includes costs of traffic crashes, violent crime and injuries and treatment, equates to over $15.2 billion per year.Signs and prevention From the results of underage drinking proving deadly and most harmful, people in todays modern soc iety deal to wake up to the signs towards alcoholism, especially towards younger victims. Mood changes, irritability and defensiveness are physical signs, which can be easily recognised. Another example is further school problems such as poor attendance, low grades and insubordination against family rules. Although many of the symptoms whitethorn seem typical towards an ordinary teenager, parents and carers should still be aware of these as they may reflect on how their child may be suffering from alcoholism. It is critically important to take each opportunity we can, throughout the year to talk to our young people about the real risk of effect abuse and effective measures for avoiding it, so they will be informed and capable of making the right amenable decision.Common Experiences A recent victim who has suffered from alcohol as a result to his death, is Liam Davies (16). As report after New Years, Davies drank the tainted alcohol while celebrating New Years in Sydney with fri ends. He was rushed to a local hospital where he was in an unstable critical condition from alcohol poisoning. The Davies family released a statement asking for Australians to be careful when holidaying abroad or drinking in general.We would like to make people aware of the risks associated with consuming alcohol, especially without appropriate supervision.

Saturday, April 13, 2019

Plate Tectonics Essay Example for Free

Plate Tectonics studyThe theory of Plate Tectonics covers the extent on how the Earth moves and performs. Findings in the mid 1960s lay down that the theory is one of the reasons why magnetism, wide distribution of volcanoes, earthquakes, plants, and animal fossils are existing up to the present. The plates ordinarily wriggle like a spinning wheel that they sometimes smash into each other make a major impact on the Earths floor.Likewise, the Plate Tectonics is identified as one of the possesss of long-term climate changes, distribution of abound organisms, mountain building, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and other major make of the movement of the continents. As some theorists would explain, the plates composing the Lithosphere, the offer portion of the earth, move around the Earths crust which is embedded with continents on it. The plates beneath the continents may share out and cause a see to it or a hole in the continental outer shell that fills the sea water.It wa s found out then that the global temperatures, after the movement, keep rising that could melt most mountain glaciers which will cause a rise in the sea level. This unusual phenomena of changing sea water, atmospheric conditions, and the Earths temperature bring forth the evolution of abound organisms, existence of mountain building, earthquakes, volcanic eruption and other innate changes in the Earths floor. The Plate Tectonics caused major impacts on the ocean water. And because of this, the Atlantic sea is becoming largely extensive.But as some would see, the earth is sphere-shaped, thus, there should be a give where the entire changes of Atlantic Oceana will meet together. Scholars are afraid that this place will be in the Pacific Ocean and it will become smaller as the movement of continents goes by. Most areas that will be affected are those that are located along subduction zones bringing forth western North the States and Asia to come closer together. In the long run, the Pacific Ocean will completely close fleck Asia and North America will meet up and form a new super continent.

Friday, April 12, 2019

The importance of the achievements of Mesopotamian Society Essay Example for Free

The magnificence of the achievements of Mesopotamian Society EssayThrough the surfacement of writing, mathematics, metalworking, detailed law codes, and the wheel, Mesopotamians have shown their ingenuity with many variant achievements. The world as we k promptly it could not survive without writing. I am writing right now in order to do this composing, and the economy and so much of our racys is dependent on writing. Although it goes hand-in-hand with writing, mathematics is in addition a very important achievement of the Mesopotamians. Mesopotamians based their math system on sixty, but it is but as important and influential regardless. Metal work is another great achievement of the Mesopotamians it improved warf ar, make better tools, and is very important in life today as well as. Law codes, although well-nighly used as a guideline, attentioned to keep the peace and gave a true sense of authority and respect for the king. The wheel was iodine of the most influent ial inventions of all time, despite its simplistic origins as a potters wheel and then by and by a solid way of pulling a cart easier. piece of music is by far the most important achievement of Mesopotamian society. Developing from writing on body envelopes as a way of guardianship business records, writing was first used as a counting system. Later on, Sumerians, who were the first to stupefy a writing system, realized that it would be easier to simply write these notes on clay rather than on the round envelope. The writing system that began to emerge is called Cuneiform and pushing a reed into a clay tablet produced these Cuneiform symbols. However, before the Cuneiform we know today developed, pictograms were used to represent several varied sounds or words. These pictograms gradually became more abstract over time, and developed into a system of triangular shapes and lines. Writing promoted a persons social status, if you knew how to read and write you were someone.The cho icest profession in Mesopotamia was to be a scribe, as most no common people knew how to write, and even kings usually did not know how to write. With writing and the writing profession, schools began to develop to teach their pupils to become scribes. Most scribes worked either for the government or worked as the town scribe. Writing is highly important today. It has been used in as simplistic things such as writing journals, to much big things, such as declaring independence from a mother republic. The clearest way of describing the importance of writing is to show that definable history begins with the study of writing.Mathematics, used mainly for business transactions, arguably changed the world as much as writing did. The Sumerians were also the peoples to develop mathematics. Their math system was based on the number sixty, and this is where we get the sixty seconds in a minute and sixty minutes in an hour. This system of mathematics allowed the peoples of Mesopotamia to do workaday things such as the area of a room or how old a person was. The Sumerian system greatly improved trade, especially while use the barter system.It allowed Mesopotamians to put a think of on goods so that it was possible to know the difference between the value of a sheep and a pop of grain, or the difference between the value of a pound of bronze and a pound of clay. The development of mathematics lead to great advancements in architecture as well. Planning and executing the construction of a building required a great deal of math in order to calculate debate size, shape, angle, etc. Today, mathematics is also very important. Students spend years studying the diverse methods of math to be able to apply it to their everyday lives. Math and numbers are used everywhere everyday from cogent someone your phone number to calculating your percent profit at the end of a engaged week.Another important advancement of Mesopotamians is their work with metals. Mesopotamians began to branch out from stone tools and use metals such as copper and bronze. This branching out and grasping a new material lead to widespread specialisation of work. Blacksmithing became a known occupation, and allowed for the mass producing of metal ordnance (In the ancient near eastern sense). Metal implements of war became the basis for whether or not you would win the war. If you were still using wooden weapons, a city-state that had copper weaponry could wipe you out or defeat you fairly quickly. The same would be true if you were a city-state that was using copper weapons and an enemy using bronze weapons attacked you. The enemy would either destroy or capture your city-state with a fair amount of ease. Metalworkings and trading were not hardly important to the daily lives of Mesopotamians for tools and such, but for more than a thousand years they were the definitive factor in warfare.With the development for such weaponry, governments had to institute law codes to help to keep the control and the peace amongst their city-state or empire. The most famous of these law codes, though not the only one found, is the Law Code of Hammurabi, the ruler of Babylonia from about 1792 B.C.E to about 1750 B.C.E. This law code has hundreds of laws dealing with elemental matters of contracts and other ordinary functions to laws regarding thievery, murder, and mal practice. Hammurabis code, although used as mainly a guideline for Babylonian judges, was presented to the people of Babylonia as a direct command from the Gods indicating that these were the proper behaviors.This caused the peoples to want to follow the laws even more, because they believed that the Gods would curse them if they did not obey. These punishments, however, had different punishments for different classes, showing the different levels of respect that the government had for its people. Most of these laws, however, dealt with criminals in a very strict, eye-for-an-eye, spiteful manner. Law is ve ry important today because it continues to try and keep the peace on the streets and in our country by making people realize that there are consequences to their actions. This is a great achievement for Mesopotamians because it shows their fruition that there must be order in the kingdom for the kingdom to survive, and that there also necessitate to be obedience and distribution of work for a kingdom to advance in status.The wheel is also one of the greatest achievements of Mesopotamians, because it allowed for faster travel, more efficient warfare, and also lead to thousands upon thousands of inventions in the future. The wheel began as part of a potters wheel for making pots, and then gradually the idea began to emerge to use a rolling something, the wheel, for easier ways to pull something in a cart. Before, sleds were used to drag stuff along, but this method was very tedious and wordy because it created a lot of friction against the ground. The wheel was then used as a solid circle attached with an axle to a cart that pulled soldiers to and from places during a battle.A dependable, yet slow moving, donkey-like creature often pulled this cart. The idea for spokes in the wheels did not emerge until later, but it allowed for the cart to become a chariot and be pulled by a horse quickly around battlefields. With the initiation of horse-drawn chariots, warfare improvedby allowing soldiers to fight from their chariots, thus decreasing their chance of injury. The improvements of warfare, and the allowance that the development of the wheel has had on technological advances over time are the reasons that the wheel was such an important achievement of the Mesopotamians.The achievements and firsts of Mesopotamian society are great and numerous. These achievements have paved the way for outstanding advancements in technology that allow us to live the lives we live today and to do the things that we are so accustomed to doing, such as typing this paper using this c omputer with a spinning hard disk a writing system.

Wednesday, April 10, 2019

Child molester and a killer Essay Example for Free

Child molester and a slayer EssayAs we talk near carriage, we basis discuss slightly how certain behavior runs to go evil in such a way that nowadays and even before time, where war has occurred, this behavior exist. McCarthy wrote a book entitled Blood Meridian where he puts all the unprovoked violence by the monstrous Judge, Holden, who is a compulsive child molester and a killer as well. This is an epic novel during the blowup of West America sabotage Western novel and the mythology of the Wild West with full violence and wickedness. In this book, it shows the styles of evil acts and wants us to witness evil for us to fully affirm its mysterious reality.As we examine about the origins of behavior, we sens also say that man has a natural evil instinct which can be manifested by certain evil actions. McCarthy expresses human being behavior in the same way he talks about the animals in his stories. He used such magnificent language which was cited by the critics, and i t just now represents the uncompromised crucial period of American history and McCarthy exclaim in his Blood Meridian, that goes ahead of Gothicism and naturalism, to conjure up a bloodletting feast in the American Southwest.Elie Wiesel comes into picture, who in real life get a line a deep shocking experiences and emotions during the Holocaust in the hands of the Nazis. At these times, he and many other prisoners experience mental and physical torture and they have been stripped of their humanity. According to Elie, prisoners become wild beasts of prey, with animal iniquity in their eyes a strange energy had held them, and their teeth and nails had been sharpened. This elevates humanity from immorality at its insularity point. She wrote a book entitle Night which reveals that cruelty raise cruelty.Both McCarthy and Elie have written about the negative side of human behavior and depict the scenario during those times. She said prisoners turn against each other sort of than giv ing comfort to each one of them. Captured from the book itself, when a Kapo is speaking to Eliezer, he saidHere, all(prenominal) man has to fight for himself and non think of anyone else. . . . Here, at that place are no fathers, no brothers, no fri demises. Everyone lives and dies for himself wholly which illustrates the wickedness of some human beings.In contrast with Elie and Cormac McCarthy, in woman in the person of Hannah Arendt tries not to compare human behavior to animals. Hannah had written Eichmann in Jerusalem wherein she made an authoritative report about the trial of Adolf Eichmann, a Nazi leader. She takes account of supplementary factual material that gives enlightenment after the trial. She staidly state in her book that Eichman was not actually a Nazi at heart, and he was in fact a meek man because he was not really aware of Hitlers euthanasia program and he is also helpful to the Jews in Palestinian immigration.Hannah Arendts shows that she is not only a thin ker but also a moral human being because of putting herself in the lieu of the judge and jury in the courtroom of Jerusalem to major perpetrators of the murder of European Jewry. Hannah Arendt analyze Eichmans personality instead of looking at him does not try to psychologically analyze it. It was in the end come out that Eichman is just an ordinary man who has been driven by the call of his career, and it turns out that he doesnt really have personal hatred with the Jews.As we try to analyze the three authors point, we can generalize that evil behavior of man only comes out when time calls for it and is the result of frustration for human desires, denial human faculty, failure to realize human potential as well lack of education. It is indeed true that mans animal nature or human nature is not basically evil. It just happened when there is an incomplete development, deficient cognition and dichotomous perception of reality that would ultimately direct to misinterpretation and dis agreement, obliteration, and wars by the people who the power and has no understanding which we have greatly seen it in this study.

Tuesday, April 9, 2019

Idiom Comparison Essay Example for Free

Idiom Comparison EssayAs a foreign student development English, comparison idioms atomic number 18 really a big problem for me as well as otherwise learners. There are over 3000 idioms in the dictionary, so understanding and memorizing all of them are a laboured issue. Some students, even though, live in America or England for such a long time, they are still unable to understand what the internal people are saying.In a circle of students, native English speakers speak to other native speakers unlikely from the foreign students. And the foreign students here is unable to honor what they are saying to each other. More than that, comparison idioms are one of major aspects that can tardily discourage a person in conversation with each other if he/she does non bash what to imply. If roundbody ask me Is it necessary to study an idiom like rain like cats and dogs? , I provide asnwer Yes because idioms are part of daily speech. It mentions our utterances smoothly and transm it the information to listeners in a smart way.As a matter of fact, in this essay, we will firstly find a clear view of the commentary of idioms and some grammatical constructions to recognize a comparison idiom, then will be a part tie in to contrastive analysis that is similarities and differences between english and Vietnamese comparison idioms lastly, some problems and solutions of studying idioms may be important to learners. Definition of idioms Definition Idioms energise become very popular with the linguistic learners however not everyone can find the complete definition for this term.Each professor has his or her own assumption and we, the learners, have to consider much when we want to apply those idioms into study. For voice, the Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, idioms were defined as an expression which function as a single unit and whose importation cannot be worked out from its ramify parts. . Moreover, with the Oxford Advanced Le arners Dictionary, the writer defines idioms differently a phrase or sentence whose meaning is not clear from the meaning of its individual words and which must be learnt as a alone unit. As we have seen, definition of idioms is sort of different between the Longman Dictionary and Oxford one and maybe different from other books as well, but on reflection, they do not have much conflict, all of those pct the basic idea they are words, phrases or expressions that cannot be taken literally when use in cursory language, they have a meaning other than the basic one you would find in the dictionary. . Learning them make understanding and using a language a lot easier and more fun. Structure used for studyAlthough we have worked out some definitions of idioms above, most of learners are still confused with the question How can we describe an idiom of comparison? . Consequently, identification should be taken into consideration so as to have an cleverness into different types of idio ms of comparison. There are various ways of identifying based on different criteria because the exploration is quite hard and unfeasible. Here are just two main ways that have been considered most * appointment based on component words or phrases Identification based on grammatical structure By word and phrase With this aspect, idioms of comparison can be divided into three groups * Comparison with adjectives This tolerant of comparison can be constructed as the following structure As + adjective + as + (a/an/the) Noun It is used to describe the similarities between people, things or places. However, in this structure, the similarities are exposed in a clear way, explicitly rather than other structure.The meaning as well as the characteristics of the adjectives are conveyed symbolically through some related things in our lives so that people can easily think of when they come across those adjectives. For example as sharp as razor, as innocent as love, as unchangeable as the past, as jolly as a sandboy. In Vietnamese idioms, typical examples of comparison are nhat nhu th? d? , den nhu than, d? p nhu tien

Sunday, April 7, 2019

The Green Movement Essay Example for Free

The Green Movement samplePurposeThe purpose of this lab report is to demonstrate how changes in abiotic factor such as changes in precipitation patterns can influence industrial plant commonwealths.IntroductionDuring this observation I was observe ring the plant species called Kentucky Blue Grass. In this observation I will show how changes in the weather can preserve the state of the grass. I will also explain how this may have some effect on Global Warming as well.HypothesisMy hypothesis of this lab was that if you have more rain the population of the grass will greatly increase. Along with decent to great weather to help the grass grows and nonplus healthy.MethodsThere were three different times that I changed the rainy season to finale-place The origin look into the rainy season lasted 150 days for volt classs, the next season lasted nose candy days for fiver course of studys and the last rainy season as set to last 50 days for five years.ResultsMy hypothesis was correct to a certain extent. I would think that the cooler the temperature the better the population only when it seems that the warner the weather is when the biggest population occur.Discussion/AnalysisDuring the premiere observation I changed the rainy season to last 150 days. When the experiment started the temperature outside was 30 degrees and the population of the grass started at 500,000. As the first year went on the population slowly raised but for the most part stayed the same. When you look at the last days of year three, there seems to be a dramatic low point in the population. spot looking at the data when the temperature raises to 42.1 degrees the population went down to 54,748. Going into the fourth year the population make another drastic turn and the population rose to 609,747. Getting close to the end of the fifth year the population changed back to its looker pace of 600,000. In the next observation when the rainy season lasted 100 days there was a littl e bit of difference but not that much.In the first observation the temperature rose to a maximum of 70 degrees and that lasted just one day and during that day the population was at 820,624. When the season lasted 100 years in the experiment the temperature constantly change with much difference. During the first year the temperature stated at 30.2 degrees and the population was at 500,000. In the middle of that year the temperature rose to 71.3 and the population grew to 821,915.If we look at the end of the third year the population took a drastic fall. The population was steady at first but recover from 824,489 to 3,168. The fourth year seemed to be the year that the temperature rose and feel the most but the population was the most consistent

Charles Perrault Bio Essay Example for Free

Charles Perrault Bio EssayCharles Perrault is a famous French poet and author recognized for penning the Mother Goose fairy tales. He was the seventh child from his father Pierre Perrault and mother Paquette Le Clerc, born on January 12 of 1628 in Paris, France and then died and indefinite death which means it is undefined that was on May 16, 1703. He was a Roman Catholic. He unite Marie Guichon in 1672 when she was nineteen years old, with her he had three children and when delivering the third one Marie passed while giving birth in 1678, which left them to be married for only six years. After her death Perrault never remarried. Career wise Perrault didnt start come forth as a poet he was actually a lawyer who was in charge of royal buildings in 1660.Perrault also took a huge share in the making of the Academy of Sciences and the renewal of the Academy of Painting. hardly then later on he worked in the Academic Franaise where he played an important exercise of literacy dis agreement as many know today had to do with the clash between the Ancients and the Moderns, to which Charles coincided with the Moderns.Perrault then distinguishable he was going to spend the rest of his lifetime promoting the education of literature and the arts. Where then he started to commence a well-known(a) as a poet with stories such as Red Riding Hood, snap in Boots, Cinderella, and Donkeyskin. Donkeyskin is a famous French literacy and was republished by Perrault in 1697 with a little help from Andrew Lang another(prenominal) popular poet. Donkeyskin was the French version of Cinderella. There are plenty of versions of Donkeyskin but Perraults is the most well-known and made him popular.

Saturday, April 6, 2019

Criticisms in âہ“In the Penal Colonyâ€Â Essay Example for Free

Criticisms in In the Penal Colony EssayThe antediluvian apparatus and antiquated legal system in Kafkas In the Penal Colony describes the current state of populace in the colonial era. by the use, along with the circumstances surrounding the political mechanism, Kafka portrays slavery and colonialism in the world and the consequences of failing to abolish such representations.The people of the colony argon represented by the Soldier, the police officer, the explorer, the Condemned man, and the Commandant. By great(p) them these names, Kafka has essentially dehumanized them much like those who have been condemned to on the job(p) in punishable colonies they only have functions, not names. The harsh bureaucratic ways of the colony mess be seen through the punishments handed out as told by the incumbent who ismuch more raise in the technicalities of the execution than the niceties of legal procedure. The actual execution is to be carried out by a compound apparatus designed by the former Commandant of the penal colony and maintained by the incumbent. The machine tortures the condemned man in a process that brutally mimics and transforms the sexual act. The condemned man is vanquishped naked onto something akin to a bed and the top part of the apparatus, a set of knife-like needles, automatically descends, piercing his body and excreting a fluid that inscribes the sentence upon his flesh. For the first six hours of the writing process, the condemned man suffers only pain (149) but as the needles pierce his internal organs more deeply, he achieves a form of enlightenment that culminates in death. (Kohn 5)The way in which the punishment is filtered through the legal system of the penal colony is too rather questionable. The Officer says, I have been appointed judge in this penal colony(145) and uses his principle ofGuilt is neer to be doubted. Other courts cannot follow that principle, for they consist of several opinions and have higher cour ts to scrutinize them. That is not the reason here, or at least, it was not the case in the former Commandants clipping.(145)to rule all over his judgments. For the condemned man, he has no chance to defend himself and prove his innocence by virtue of the system in place. They are always going to be found guilty for the sake of being guilty so they can have an execution take place and bring some kind of grotesque upthrust where, hundreds of spectatorsall of them standing on tiptoe(153) could bear witness to them.Aside from the archaic methods of criminal procedures, Kafka also presents the reliance on antiquated technology through this work in the presentation of execution machine to portray the costs associated with running a penal colony for slave labor during his time. We first check a glimpse of the harsh realities of the machine and the cost to upkeep it when the soldier breaks the wrist strap and the Officer says, This is a very complex machine, it cant be upholded tha t things are breaking or giving way here and there but one must not thereby allow oneself to be diverted in ones general judgment(151). He continues sayingthe resources for maintaining the machine are now very much reduced. Under the former Commandant I had free access to a sum of money set aside consummately for this purpose. There was a store, too, in which spare part were kept for repairs of all kinds. (151)Now he has taken charge of the machine money himself, and if I drive for a new strap they ask for the broken old strap as evidence, and the new strap takes ten days to appear and then is of shoddy material and not much good. (151)There was an entire store dedicated solely to maintaining the machine it much like penal colonies were such a parapet on the economies of the nations that controlled and maintained them.As the story progresses, we can see how the ways of the penal colony are being phased out when we hear the Officer tell the adventurertheres no time to lose, an a ttack of some kind is impending on my function as judge conferences are already being held in the Commandants office from which I am excluded even your coming here today seems to me a significant move they are cowards and use you as a screen, you, a stranger.(153)The Officer views the Explorer with a great deal of clout believing he can restore the penal colony to the greatness that it once enjoyed. However, the Explorer knows the harsh realities of the colony and refuses to play along with Officer to help him bring the colony back to its previous state. Instead we see the Explorer as, a kind of outsider,(157) a change in attitudes throughout the world looking in on the colony. The Officer finally realizes that the Explorer is not there to help him restore what once was, and he submits himself to his own machine. As the machine is inscribing be just into his body, it fails due to its complex spirit and failing state, much like the failing state of the colony, and kills him. Through close readings of In the Penal Colony, we gain an insight as to what Kafka was trying to accomplish with this work. His nation, Germany, as easily as many others in the world at the time had undertaken colonialism and establishing penal colonies to better their nations. However, Kafka illustrates the failing nature of these establishments through their rudimentary justice systems and monetary reliance on the host nations economies. Instead of bettering society through what was being provided by the slave labor, the social order of the world was being torn apart belongings them afloat.Works CitedKohn, Margaret. Kafkas Critique of Colonialism. Theory Event. 8.3 (2005) 5. Print.

Friday, April 5, 2019

VTE Prophylaxis after Joint Replacement

VTE Prophylaxis after conjugation ReplacementClinical Management PlanSupplementary Prescribing for Nurses, Pharmacistsand Allied Health ProfessionalsStudentJade Keaney emphasise to Clinical Management PlanPharmacology, Monitoring and Evidence

Thursday, April 4, 2019

Novel Elliptic-function Low-pass Filter (LPF)

Novel Elliptic- authority Low- avenue filtrate (LPF) accomplishment of microstrip blue pass filter with stub loaded Electromagnetic Band Gap estate planeMariselvam V, Raju SAbstractA novel elliptic-function small(a)-pass filter (LPF) is Presented, which consists of a Electromagnetic band gap on the underseal plane. The Electromagnetic band gap provides the required wideband attenuation in stop band, while the slot provides steep transformation from pass band to stop band. A 5.4 GHz flipper- gat LPF is developed and experimental results parade that it has a sharp cutoff frequency response. The measured pass band insertion- loss is be base 0.4 dB, and the rejection band everywhere 15 dB is from 5.425 GHz to 8.25 GHz, Which increases from 2.95 GHz. KeywordsDefected ground structure (DGS), elliptic-function filter, low-pass filter (LPF).1. INTRODUCTIONRecently, defected ground structure (DGS) has experience one of the just about interesting argonas of research in microwave an d millimeter wave Applications 1. It could be wide used in microwave lap covering figure of speech such as power divider, power amplifier and oddly in filter contrive 19. Low pass filters (LPF) design require that both in-band and out-band performances should be low loss, high selectivity, high rejection, and wide spurious free frequency ranges. Many novel types of microstrip filters nourish been put upd and designed. nightly or non-periodic DGS be accomplished by etching a slot in the backside bimetallic ground plane. The etched slot disturbs effectively the current distri aloneion in the ground plane of microstrip contestation and the results in resonant singularitys 2, 3.IT is well known that typical properties of low-pass filters (LPFs) can be obtained by adding periodic structures to transmitting lines. The representative periodic structures for planar transmittance lines and/or microwave circuits ar photonic band gap (PBG) and defected ground structure (DGS) 4, 5. The PBG has been known as a popular periodic structure for planar transmission lines. However, drawbacks of PBGs have been withal discussed as follows.1) A large area is needed because a number of periodic patterns should be adoptive.2) It is obscure to define the unit fragment, and difficult to extract the kindred-circuit elements for the PBG unit element.3) Therefore, it is very restricted to extend its practical(a) applications programme to microwave circuits. To the contrary, one can easily define the unit element of the DGS and model the equivalent circuit.In addition, since only a few DGS elements show the typical properties of periodic structures, the resultant circuit coat becomes relatively small. Furthermore, the structure of the DGS is simple and it is easy to design the DGS pattern. For these reasons, since 4 has introduced the structure and called it a DGS for the first time, the DGS has been extensively use to design microwave circuits such as filters, power dividers, couplers, amplifiers, oscillators, and so on 1, 612.There is much forward research about the characteristics of LPFs having periodic structures on microstrip or Coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission lines 1316However most of them are non analytical because they mainly depend on electromagnetic (EM) computer simulations to design LPFs and predict circuit performances. To the contrary, in the design of LPFs apply DGSs including this study, all design steps are based on theories and fair(a) explanations as follows.The equivalent-circuit elements of the DGS is extracted and used for replacing the serial publication inductances in the LPF Prototype circuit.The LPF is imperturbable of the extracted equivalent lumped Elements, thus, it is an ideal LPF, is designed, and is compared to the realized LPF using the DGS practically. devil methods to design a three- end LPF using the DGS has been proposed in 1 and 6. In these papers, the sizes of two DGS patterns in the LPF were merely the same because two inductances in the three-pole L1 (series) C2 (shunt) L3 (series) ideal LPF are identical. In 6, discontinuity elements such as tee- or cross- joins were adopted to connect open stubs to realize the shunt capacitance. However, in the three-pole LPF proposed in 1, there are no junction elements, thin transmission lines for high impedance, or open stubs. In addition, the width of the transmission-line elements in the LPF has been remarkably broadened. Thus, advantages such as compact design and error-robust realization fabricating the layout have been obtained. However, in night club to design -stage LPFs using the DGS, e.g., a five-stage like L1 (series) C2 (shunt) L3 (series) C4 (shunt) L5 (series), two assorted dimensions of the DGS have to be adopted because L3 is non equal to L1=L5, although. In order to select the proper dimension of the DGS for L3 careful consideration based on filter theories, extracted equivalent- circuit elements of unl ike DGS dimensions, and some related topics of transmission lines should be taken. The size of the DGS for L3 is determined by accurate curve-fitting results for equivalent-circuit elements to correspond on the dot to the required inductance. In addition, the length of transmission-line elements between DGS patterns is determined through the consideration for the equivalent capacitance and additive parasitic inductance, as well as the required shunt capacitances in the icon LPF. Therefore, a design of a five-pole DGS-LPF requires many more complex steps than the previous three-pole DGS-LPF shown in 1 and 6. Thus, the goal of this paper is to propose a fresh technique to design an -pole LPF having (DGS-LPF), and to generalize the previous design method for N5 using different sizes of DGS patterns. For this purpose, modeling for the equivalent circuit of the DGS, a curve fitting for determining the required different sizes of theFig.1 put across view of the Microstrip line with a DGS pattern and its dimensions in mmFig.1a. Bottom view of the Microstrip line with a DGS pattern and its dimensions in mmDGS that reflects the inductance determine in the prototype LPF and a practical design example will be successively discussed.In order to show the validity of the proposed method, a five pole DGS-LPF, as an example, is designed and measured in this paper. The five-pole DGS-LPF has a much wider microstrip line than conventional microstrip LPFs, and does non include high-impedance lines, which have been essentially required in conventional design. The series inductances in the prototype LPF are realized by DGSs, while the shunt capacitances are realized by the widely compensated transmission line. Therefore, no discontinuity elements such as tee- or cross-junction for connecting open stubs are required because there are no stubs in the DGS-LPF.2. DGS PATTERN AND MODELING FOR THE EQUIVALENT CIRCUITFig. 1and 1a shows a microstrip line having a dumb-bell DGS and its -parameters from an EM simulation. Two rounded defected areas and one connecting slot correspond to the equivalently added inductance (L) and capacitance(C), respectively. Accordingly, a resonance occurs at a trusted frequency because of the parallel LC circuit. Inversely, it is intuitively known that the equivalent circuit includes a copulate of parallel inductor capacitor from the resonant phenomenon in the -parameter. This means the microstrip line having the DGS does not have all-pass characteristics, but restricted pass band properties.Fig.2. Equivalent circuit of the microstrip line with unit DGS using ADSIn addition, slow-wave characteristics are observed due to the added components of the DGS 3, 5, 9. The defected areas can be realized by not only ellipse, but also other geometries such as triangle, circle, hexagon, octagon, spiral, and so on. It is very clear that the resonant frequency (wo) of the DGS and 3-dB cutoff frequency (wc 3dB) exist as shown in Fig. 1.The equi valent circuit of the DGS can be extracted because this kind of electrical characteristic is observed from a typical L C parallel resonant circuit.The equivalent circuit of the DGS and one-pole Butterworth prototype of the LPF are presented the DGS in Fig. 2. The equivalent L C elements are calculated by (13) because two reactance values of Fig. 2(a) must be equal at wc 3dB as followsXLc= (1)XL = Zo g1 (2)XLc = c, (3)Where w(=1), g1 (=2) and Zo (=50) are the normalized 3-dB cutoff frequency, element value of one-pole Butterworth prototype LPF, and port impedance, respectively, and wo = (1/ Lk1Ck1). The calculated L2and c2 of the DGS shown in Fig. 2 are 3.2 nH and 0.8194 pF, respectively. Fig. 3 shows an excellent stipulation between the previous -parameters shown in Fig. 1 and the new ones calculated using Lk1and ck1. Advanced Design system (ADS), a circuit simulator from Agilent Technologies, has been used for the calculation. This agreement means that the modeling technique i s valid in extracting the equivalent-circuit elements. It should be noted that this is one of the great advantages of DGS because it is possible to define the unit element of the DGS and to establish the equivalent circuit of it, while the conventional Planar transmission lines with a periodic structure such as a PBG have difficulty in defining the unit element and to extract the modeled circuit element.2.1 introduction OF THE FIVE POLE LOWPASS FILTERA. Prototype LPF and Adoption of DGSThe method to design a five-pole LPF using the DGS is discussed here. Fig. 3 depicts the prototype circuit of a five-pole LPF. Here gi (i=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), represent the normalized element values of a Chebyshev prototype LPF for the given ripple 17. According to the design theory of filters, in order to transform the prototype LPF to the LPF composed of lumped elements, the values of L1,C2,L3,C4 and L5can be determined owing to the impedance andFig.3. Five-pole Chebyshev prototype LPF with Ellipt ic DGSFig.3a. Equality of a series inductor to an LC parallel circuitfrequency scaling rules expressed in (4)(6). Here, c means the crosscut frequency of the LPFL1 = = = L4 (4)L3 = (5)C2 = = C4 (6)Fig.4. Performance of the designed five pole LPF using ADSFig.5. Performance of the designed five pole LPF using CST2.2 PERFORMANCE OF THE DESIGNED DGS-LPFFIG. 6 shows the measured S-parameters of the designed DGS-LPF, as compared with the theoretical performance (circuit simulation) and the EM simulation by CST-MWS. As shown, the measurement result agrees with the EM simulation very well. The designed elliptical function DGS-LPF exhibits a much shaper transition knee than the Chebyshev one report in 5. Its transition bandwidth from 1 to 20 dB attenuation is only 0.45 GHz. The measured pass band insertion loss is less than 0.3 dB. The stop bandwidth corresponding to 15dB rejection is from 2.95 to 8.25 GHz. The total length of the designed DGS-LPF is 17 mm, and compared with the LPF repo rted in 5, it is cut back about 40.88% and compared with the LPF reported in 6 it is reduced about 14.66%.Fig.6. Measured result of the designed five pole LPF using Agilent Network analyzer N5230A3. PERFORMANCE OF THE PROPOSED DGS LOWPASS FILTERFig.7. Top view of the Microstrip line and its dimensions in mmFig.7a. Bottom view of the Microstrip line and its dimensions in mmThe proposed five-pole DGS-LPF has a much wider microstrip line than conventional microstrip LPFs, and does not include high-impedance lines, which have been essentially required in conventional design. The series inductances in the prototype LPF are realized by DGSs, while the shunt capacitances are realized by the widely compensated transmission line. A stub like elements which gives a inductance effect is introduced in the proposed DGS-LPF.DGS combined with microstrip line causes a resonant character of the structure transmission with a resonant frequency controllable by ever-changing the shape and size of the slot. There is a huge evolution in terms of defected shapes dumbbell, periodic, fractal, circular, spiral, and L molded 1214. In this paper, a novel elliptic shape DGS is proposed for the LPF design. The use of elliptic shape DGS will be shown to give sharp cut off frequency response as well as a good performance in the pass band. The analysis of the dimension parameters with different dimension parameters was demonstrated as a design guide. The equivalent circuit (EC) has been extracted to characterize the proposed low-pass filter. The equivalent circuit model agrees with the field simulation results. The theoretical and measured results are presented with good agreement for LPF. The total length of the designed DGS-LPF is 15 mm, and compared with the LPF reported in 5, it is reduced about 60% and compared with the LPF reported in 6 it is reduced about 29%, the pass band increases up to 5.425 GHz from 2.95 GHz and the stop bandwidth corresponding to 15dB rejection is from 5.425 GHz which is suitable for WLAN applicationFig.8. Comparison Performance of the designed five pole LPFFig.9. Equivalent circuit of the microstrip line with unit DGS using ADSFig.10. Measured result of the proposed five pole LPF using Agilent Network analyzer N5230ATab 1 Performance of the five pole LPF using CSTTab 2 Dimensions of the proposed DGS designsTab3. Prototype elements of the five pole elliptic function LPFFig.11. Top view of the prototypeFig.11a. Bottom view of the prototype4. CONCLUSIONThis letter has presented a new LPF to obtain elliptic-function response using Dumbbell shaped DGS. The designed LPF exhibits sharp cutoff frequency response, low insertion loss, and excellent stop band performance. The proposed design procedure can be extended to commanding -stage LPF. In addition, its physical structure is only composed of defect and microstrip line, so it is easy to fabricate. Since this design is simple, analytical, and does not require any optimization process, this kind of equivalent circuit model of DGS and its design engineering science may be further applied to various microwave circuits such as low-noise amplifiers, diplexers, mixers, and so on.ReferencesSERGIO PALMA PACHECO, JIANEI WANG, JONG- GWAN YOOK, AND LINDA P. B. KATEHI, Micromachined strains on Synthesized Substrates Rhonda Franklin Drayton, IEEE Trans. atomise Theory Tech, 2001, Vol. 49, No. 2.SYSTEMS PIERRE BLONDY, ANDREW R. BROWN, Low-Loss Micro machined Filters for Millimeter-Wave Communication,1998 IEEE vol.38, pp 22-23.C. Y. CHI AND G. M. REBEIZ Conductor loss limited stripline cavity resonator and filters, IEEE Trans. microwave oven Theory Tech., 1996, vol. 44, pp.626629.S. V. ROBERTSON, L. P. B. KATEHI, AND G. M. REBEIZ, Micromachined self-packaged W-Band bandpass filters, in IEEE MTT-S Symp. Dig., 1995, pp. 15431546.J. S. LIM, C. S. KIM, D. AHN, Y. C. JEONG, AND S. NAM, Design of low-pass filters using defected ground structure, IEEE Trans. Microw.Theory Tech., 2005, vol. 53, no. 8, pp. 25392545.JINPING YANG AND WEN WU Compact Elliptic-Function Low-Pass Filter Using Defected Ground Structure IEEE Microwave and Wireless components letters, 2008, Vol. 18, No. 9.GATAN PRIGENT, ERIC RIUS, FRANOIS LE PENNEC, SANDRICK LE MAGUER, CDRIC QUENDO, GONZAGUE SIX, AND HENRI HAPPY, Design of Narrow-Band DBR Planar Filters in SiBCB Technology For Millimeter-Wave Applications 2009 IEEE xplor.Vol.13.R. F. DRAYTON, S. PACHECO, J.-G. YOOK, AND L. KATEHI, Micromachined filters on synthesized substrates, in IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Dig., 1998, pp. 11851188.S. DEEPAK grind away PRASATH, A. THENMOZHI, P. SRINIVASABHARATHWAJ, S.RAJU, AND V.ABHAIKUMAR A Novel Miniaturized Filter on Micromachined Multilayered Substrates IETE 2008, Vol.54, No.2.RHONDA FRANKLIN DRAYTON, SERGIO PALMA PACHECO, JIANEI WANG, JONG-GWAN YOOK, , AND LINDA P. B. KATEHI Micro machined Filters on Synthesized Substrates, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech.,2001, vol.49, no. 2.S.RIKI BANERJEE AND RHONDA FRANKLIN DRAYTON, electric circuit Models for Constant Impedance Micro machined Lines on Dielectric Transitions, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech.,2004, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 105-111.B.F. ZONG, G. M. WANG, H. Y. ZENG, Y. W. WANG. Compact and naughty Performance Dual-band Bandpass Filter using Resonator-embedded Scheme for WLANs RADIOENGINEERING, 2012, VOL. 21, NO. 4.K.ANNARAM, SURESH NITHYA. Investigation of Compact Low Pass Filter with Sharp CutOff using Metamaterial RADIOENGINEERING, 2013, VOL. 22, NO. 3.PIERRE BLONDY, ANDREW R. BROWN, DOMINIQUE CROS AND GABRIEL M.REBEIZ, Low-Loss Micro machined Filters for Millimeter-Wave Communication Systems, 1998.JIA-SHENG HONG AND M.J.LANCASTER, Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications , John Wiley Sons, Inc., 2001About AuthorsMariselvam VENKAT Obtained his BE degree from PTR College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai and ME from Thiagarajar college of Engineering Anna university Chennai in 2010 respectively. He is now pursue PhD in the Electronics and Communication Engineering department, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai., India. His area of interests includes microwave and millimeter wave circuits. emailprotectedRaju SRINIVASAN Obtained her BE degree from the PSG college of technology university of madras ,India and M.tech degree from NIT Trichy ,India 1982 and 1984 respectively she received her PhD from Madurai Kamarajar University, Madurai in 1996 .She is now working as a professor and judgement of the department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Thiagarajar college of Engineering Madurai, India her areas of research interest are wireless technologies, RF circuits and systems. emailprotected.

Strategic ability of Hong Leong Bank

Strategic ability of Hong Leong blasphemeHong Leong Bank Berhad was found by Ji Chiew. The strand starts operations in 1905 in Kuching, Sarawak. In 1 January 1982, the Head Office relocated from Kuching to Kuala Lumpur. The consolidation of stranding institution to meet the requirement of Bank Negara Malaysia marks a nonher(prenominal) milest unmatchable for Hong Leong Bank Berhad. Hong Leong Bank Berhad was listed on Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange on 17 October 1994. The market capitalisation as of recent days is RM 470 million, check to brim website. Hong Leong Bank has diversified the businesses into fiscal services, manuf dusturing, and property and home development. The services available argon personal monetary services such as impute cards, investment, loan, deposits, insurance, anteriority coasting, personal affirming and Hong Leong Club Rewards for guest loyalty (Hong Leong Bank, 2009).Industry analytic thinking2.1 Why Porters 5 formsPorters model determines t he competitiveness of an ecesis using the five contrary pull backs and shows how the forces atomic number 18 related. To develop business strategies effectively, organizations must understand and act in response to those forces. (Porter, 1985) (Fornell and Wernerfelt, 1987)Rivalry Among actual Competitors in that location are 37 sticks, which are recognized and license to operate in Malaysia and more financial institution are opening soon. The trend of increment of the minute of banks within the industry is fast and there are great ch eachenges for HLB to create and maintain a ingenuous market share. Other banks are seems to be more aggressive to get and retain customers. This force is non in kick upstairs of Hong Leong Bank. (BNM, 2009)Threat of Substitute productions and ServicesEven though there are m each a(prenominal) financial institutions available, or so unique facilities can only be obtained from the bank only. American Express facilities, co-branded wares (e.g. MTV), extravagantlyer(prenominal) engage rate, club rewards, junior/senior savings, overdraft are the few produces which only available to this bank. Thus this force is in favor to the bank. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009) (BNM, 2009) talk terms Power of BuyersHaving the whole range of financial players apart from the retail banks, it is spare that customers can move within the 40 operators and can also decide to switch to the other non-banking institutions. Their prime(prenominal) can even extend to the insurance companies, depending on the nature of the product. For instance if a customer is spirit for a small standard of loan, he/she can even get the express product from organizations give care AEON, etc. The close location of sundry(a) banks is also giving customer a very high bargaining power too. For instance in a location of Puchong Jaya, along the street of Jalan Kenari it is easy to beget at least 9 banks within 100 meters Maybank, Public Bank, Eon Bank, CIMB Ban k, HSBC, Alliance Bank, Bank Simpanan Nasional, UOB. With this parsimony the bargaining of customers eternally goes high before customers start wait oning on a diametriciated service. For the said bank, this is absolutely a negative favor since the potential customers can shift easily to different point. (BNM, 2009)Bargaining Power of SuppliersThe core business of the Hong Leong Bank is product and services which mainly condensees on safety of fiscal management. The suppliers provide some tangibles like checkbooks, lockers, private banking, priority banking. The impact of these in HLB is not much significant since they are not really like the raw material. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)Threat of newfound EntrantsThe Bank Negara Malaysia has set a minimum capital requirement of RM5 billion for a bank to be registered. The conditions set for registering a bank are not difficult to obtain, hence entry barriers become low-spirited. Thus more foreign possess financial firms are keen t o open their business in Malaysia. Certainly these institutions impart pose nemesis on real banking business as theyll find unique products and services. This force is not in favor of Hong Leong Bank. . (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)From the above digest of HLB 5 forces analysis, the diagram below give provide a summary of the banks boilersuit industry analysis.Threat of impudently Entrants(-)Threat of Substitute Products and Services(+)Bargaining Power of Buyers(-)Rivalry among animate competitors(-)Bargaining Power of Buyers(+)2.2 Limitations of the Porters ModelPorters 5 force analysis talks about(predicate) the external forces relevant to the away(p) of business. Todays business is much more vast and robust requiring dynamic approaches which should be an integration of different approaches rather than depends on a single analysis. Internal factor analysis requires much analysis as external. Designing, visioning and learning approaches should be considered when an industry an alysis is d iodine. Proters 5 forces are lack of these factors. (Porter, 1985) (Gronroos, 1997)Strategic Capability analysis3.1 Stake encumberersStakeholder compend identifies important groups of people or individuals that can have an influence on the Project. These Stakeholders can have their consume objectives and views, which whitethorn differ and conflict with other Stakeholders. A Stakeholder Analysis is required to identify all the parties who are directly or indirectly affected by the enterprises operations. This includes not only the traditional shareholders, nevertheless also some new groups that the insights of sustainable development tell us must be consulted in decisions that affect them. (Roberts, Varki, and Brodie, 2003) (Fombrun and Shanley, 1990)In an organization, internal stakeholder is the employees or people who work inside the organization. External stakeholders exist outside the organization still have a direct interest in what it does (e.g. shareholders, governments, customers) etc. (Roberts, Varki, and Brodie, 2003)3.2 SWOT Analysis3.2.1 Why SWOT Analysis?SWOT analysis is a tool for auditing an organization and its environment. It is the first arcdegree of planning and dos marketers to focus on key issues. SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors. Opportunities and threats are external factors. (Spreng and Chiou, 2002)In SWOT, strengths and weaknesses are internal factors and opportunities and threats are external factors.3.2.2 Hong Leong Bank SWOT AnalysisStrengthHong Leong Bank Berhad (HLB) master(prenominal) activity is providing consumer-banking services including credit cards, investment, mortgage, deposits, insurance and priority banking. Other activities include business banking, trade financing, running(a) capital facilities, treasury, foreign exchange, notes market operations, capital market securities trading, investment, and takaful business. I t has been recognized as one of the most(prenominal) profitable bank in Malaysia. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)It has 186 branches, 17 business centers with ingenious and motivated employees throughout Malaysia making it one of the most widened banking sectors in Malaysia.Their first award year 2004, an acknowledgement for their active participation in branch line the growth of the SMEs in the country. This award certainly spur Hong Leongs strength to bring more value added financial services to customers and the SMI community and to help them face the extremely challenging and competitive business environment twain local anestheticly and globally.Launched in October 2005 the Hong Leong Mobile Credit Card is the first of its kind, allowing customers who are provided with a six-digit personal denomination number (PIN) to pay for goods and services using mobile calls via short messaging service (SMS). This offering is the result of Hong Leong Bank tie-up with technology provider Mobi le Money International Sdn. Bhd. This unique method of payment, cognize as Mobile Money is speedy, well-off and terms effective. victimization only the mobile phone for favourable reception of transactions and payments, there is no longer a need for the physical plastic card, merchant terminals or Internet terminals. Payment requests are delivered via SMS. thither is no need for card members to be present at the point of sales or at the merchant outlets. Payments can therefore be made from wheresoever card members are, at whichever place where there are mobile phone signals. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)In 2007, Hong Leong Bank bagged the Asiatic Bankers Best e-Banking Project 2007 with its Internet banking offering, Hong Leong Online. The award recognizes the best emerging technology practices and benchmarks in Asia Pacific banks. asunder from the Asian Banker award, Hong Leong has also been ranked as the third most popular Malaysian online banking site. Online banking transactions helped the bank save about RM24mil from March to October 2007 as each online transaction cost about 20% compared with about RM3.50 for either over-the-counter transaction.WeaknessIn line with its strong customer service culture, the HLB continues to maintain its first-class delivery standards which have been behind against international ISO standards. HLB is yet attained bank-wide ISO 90012000 certifications for customer service at the reckon office of its branches and bank-wide loan delivery service. This is a major drawback for the HLB to have a better customer lascivious. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)As to compete in the industry of banking, interest rate is a major challenge as customer impart choose for a higher interest rate for savings account and for the lowest interest rate for the loans that the customers are seeking for their financial assistances and better service for the customer. Hong Leong Bank ineluctably to change according to the environment as to compete and rem ain as the market leader. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)As Hong Leong Bank has moved leading to the Electronic banking or transaction there is greater risk or security threats circulated to the users of online banking or transaction. There are non technical threats such as phising whereby it is the act of tricking someone into giving them confidential information or tricking them into doing something that they normally wouldnt do. The common applications of this approach is to send fake emails (email spoofing) to a victim purporting to come from a rule-governed source and requesting information (such as the bank account number and the password) or directing the victim to a fake internet website where this information can be captured.OpportunitiesThe bank may recruit spring chicken and talented staffs and provide them proper training to create a talent base as well as provide job to those who are in need. This may also reduces the unemployment rates in Malaysia. This talent base is able to adopt with internal formation and usually stay with the bank until the end. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)As the banking industry grows and provides opportunities for the local customers indirectly it also presumption an opportunity to the foreigners who stays in Malaysia. They tend to use banking services more frequently to have different types of account. This additional customer base will bring more money inside the bank and of course banks will gain profit from various types of transactions. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)Bringing the bank close-hauled to the consumer could be the vital opportunity. Providing a payment gateway where ATM card could be employ as like a credit card for everyday usages. Since these customers will use won money, bank may encourage them to save more to get more benefits. Establishing more ATM and branches and electronic features (e.g Western northward money transfer) will definitely bring more customers in. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)ThreatsEase of distributing c redit card could be a disturbing role the bank is playing. epoch credit card repayments are depends fully on customer payment, if it is not paid, bank has to go long way. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)The bank is not really in forefront situation to introduce new products and service as market demand changes. It if often seen that the bank introduces the products in different name when the service is already available in the market by other bank. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)3.2.3 Limitations of SWOT AnalysisSWOT analysis usually very subjective. It simply looks at the negative factors first in parliamentary procedure to turn them into positive factors. So it is advisable to use SWOT as guide and not as prescription. (Spreng and Chiou, 2002)Strategic Choices4.1 Generic Strategy4.1.1 Why Porters Generic StrategyGeneric strategies are widely used today even though it was invented in 1980s. Three options are available for organizations to adopt to achieve sustainability which are cost leadershi p, differentiation and focus. Each of the three options are considered in two aspects of the competitive environment (i) agonistical advantage talks about the prices (high or low) of the products, (ii) hawkish scope talks about the market sizing (narrow or broad). (Porter, 1985) (Chen, 1999) (Sanzo et al, 2003)Overall Cost LeadershipThe low cost products are the product leader in the market. It may also included the time required to built and delivery the products to customers. As it is mentioned earlier, using online banking, it would help the bank as well as customers to save more. Developing and maintaining online business is not low-priced itself. up to now it could provide vital thumbs-up to banks generic system. If more customers opt for online transactions, bank wouldnt have to spent time on serving customer physically thus itll requires less resources (e.g. less branch, less employees). These less resources will impact ahead the bank with extra finance to improve other services. (Harris and Goode, 2004) (Sanzo et al, 2003)DifferentiationDifferentiated goods and services are designed to satisfy the customers with the lowest price/cost available for similar kind of products. HLB Flexi FD is a strict deposit product which gives higher interest rate to the customer. Thus the bank will be in risk of loosing money. So it has to bring and retain much customer to cover the loss. The loss must be cover to be competitive. Since banking industry changes rapidly, HLB will have to customize the products and services over times to hold ensure customer satisfaction. (Dannenberg and Kellner, 1998) (Jones, Mothersbaugh, and Beatty, 2000)FocusIn focus an organization can afford neither a wide scope cost leadership nor does a wide scope differentiation outline, Here an organization focus effort and resources on a narrow segment of a market. Competitive advantage is generated specifically for the niche. A go with has two options to choose use either a cost focus o r a differentiation focus. Taken example of HLB structured investments. Invested amounts are 3rd-party transactions and bank itself doesnt provide any guarantee of returns of money to the customer. In this segment, HLB is a low profile character. Even though bank is charging some commission on the investments, customers who are willing to invest are to do so at own risk. (Jarvelin and Lehtinen, 1996) (Evans and Beltramini, 1987)4.2 Strategic Directions4.2.1 Why Ansoff MatrixThe Ansoff Growth matrix is a strategicalal direction tool that helps businesses decides their strategies for growth. Ansoffs product/market growth matrix discuss about the strategies on which the business deliver new or current products in new or current markets. Overall output of Ansoff product/market matrix is sets of strategies that set the direction for the business growth. (Auh et al, 2007) (Sanzo et al, 2003) These are described below signet brainwaveMarket penetration is a general name of selling curr ent products into current markets. The bank continuously introduces loan and credit products to customers to leap ahead. Since the banks most incomes come from loan and credit facility, reshape of current products will ensure market growth and increase of usages by brisk customers. Market penetration for HLB will be focused on the central markets that it is very familiar with, competitors are known, customer needs are defined and returns are potential. (Gustafsson, Johnson, and Roos, 2005) (Agrawal, 2001)http//strategyiseverywhere.files.wordpress.com/2007/12/ansoff_matrix.pngMarket developmentMarket development tells about the scattering of current products in new market. With its existing banking facilities, the bank introduces private banking for the customers who loves personal banking. For everyday needs of banking, investment, loan, protection a dedicated personal banker is always there to serve the individual customer to fill their needs. These personal banking is nothing di fferent than existing policies focus goes to its loyal customers which puts big amount inside the bank. (Dannenberg and Kellner, 1998) (Filotto, Tanzi, and Saita, 1997)Product developmentProduct development is the name given to a growth strategy where a business aims to introduce new products into existing markets. Saving multiplier plans is recently introduced by the bank. Hong Leong Savings Multiplier Plan is a unique investment tool that utilizes the aright concept of Dollar-Cost-Averaging and offers a customized solution to tackle the distinct financial challenges throughout different life stages be it to secure a comfortable retirement or to ensure a steady flow of pension-like property or for putting aside adequate funds even for childrens education. Islamic banking is another example of product development. (Metawa and Almossawi, 1998) (Haron, Ahmad and Planisek, 1994).DiversificationDiversification is the growth strategy where new products are to be delivered in new marke t. This strategy is more risky for business growth as often business takes longer time to pull round in a new market. HLB recently spread their business in Vietnam. Since Vietnamese culture differs from Malaysia, the bank has to adopt the culture as well as compete with well established Vietnamese banks. (Shankar, Smith, and Rangaswamy, 2003) (Evans and Beltramini, 1987)4.3 method for Pursuing Strategic DirectionForward Looking PolicyMonetary policy management needs a forward-looking policy due to the time gap between policy actions and their intended do on output and inflation. HLB built a macro model which would determine the impact of policy actions. mind the microeconomic factors are important too determine the inter-linkage of monetary policy mechanism. (Fornell and Wernerfelt, 1987)Deepening of Financial MarketsNew financial products are traded in the Money/Bonds market by the introduction of Hong Leong Banks Debt Capital Markets Structured pay (DCM/Structured Finance) u nit within Wholesale Banking provides innovative tailor-made solutions to financial institutions, corporate, agencies and high net-worth individuals through encompassing offerings in the debt capital markets. (Dannenberg and Kellner, 1998)Strong Foreign Currency ReserveForeign exchange reserves form part of the national assets and these needs to be deployed rationally keeping in mind the principles of safety, liquidity, and return. The reserves, which are currently deployed by the HLBs in-house reserve management treasury dealers, are in short-term high tone of voice bank deposits. (Naser, Jamal, and Al-Khatib, 1999)Reliable and Secured Payment SystemsTo reduce the settlement time significantly and increase cost effectiveness the bank plans to establish an electronic clearinghouse to do almost every transactions online with tighten security and flip overy usability. go-ahead an account, apply for credit cards are already in place. The bank further steps in mobile banking for de dicated user. Recently the bank introduces e-broker services (HLeBroking). HLeBroking allows the flexibility of placing orders either through a phone call to our trading hub or via the internet. Professional dealers centralized in the hub are always on hand to execute transactions and monitor shares investment portfolio. (Shankar, Smith, and Rangaswamy, 2003) (Harris and Goode, 2004)4.4 Implication and Evaluation of AnalysisDuring this analysis it was assumed that strategies are reasonably orderly and knowable and, in turn, that evidence can help to evaluate theories that claim to justify these strategic positions. Data and information often founded confusing and imperfect. It seems almost certain that no single content can validate or invalidate a theory. Besides, there is a good chance that a large number of studies will not generate consistent results. (Agrawal, 2001)The methodology were used in analysis is not about developing a foolproof system it is at least partly an art. T here is no mechanical system that will escape judgment, sense, and intelligence. But this does not eliminate the need for techniques and standards. Product delivery approaches, geography, demography does plays role in strategic position which were missing in the analysis done. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)The strategic planning process adopted by HLB was participative, consultative and result oriented. But the takes time to achieve results. dapple some important factors the bank missed out during strategic choices, individual departments must do their single environmental scans through a SWOT analysis whereby they identified their internal strengths and weaknesses as well as the external opportunities and threats. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009)Business trends changes randomly. Todays product may not be available tomorrow. Thus no strategic plan could be exactly fit into business strategy. However, HLB could consider a more diversified strategy which would be more beneficial to determine strate gic stand.Justification of a StrategyAs the strategic position and strategic choices are different from the matrix analysis, a better strategic growth model is optimal solution.5.1 McKinsey Growth PyramidMcKinsey growth pyramid is an upgraded version of Ansoff Matrix with broader discussing of important strategic factors. With every possible action there are certain alternatives (e.g. acquisition, joint ventures, alliances etc) with risk measurement from low to high.Existing products to existing customersThis is considered lowest risk options go on businesses with current asset and current customer. But itll not be much beneficial for bank in long terms.Existing products to new customersIntroduce existing products to new customer which may help them meet their daily financial needs so that they dont look for other financial choices. Consumers always look for much return while bank always looks for low give-away. New customers can be a turning point for any bank. Demographical (e.g. adult, children, senior) products would be vital products to make new customers. (Harris and Goode, 2004)New products and servicesOver time, new products must be channeled into banking business. Broader distribution if Islamic banking could be a important factor. It is seen that many nom-Muslims adopted for Islamic banking. Since there is trend of Islamic banking growth, the bank should not take the risk to risk the potential customers due to lack of proper preparation. Some of the products may be delivered to existing customers. Risk may incur if the products doesnt appeal the customers. (El-Bdour and Erol, 1989) (Gerrad and Cunningham, 1997)New delivery approachesTodays consumer seek more convenient service provider. Banks are not exempted indeed. Many banks had adopted special facilities for different customers. Priority banking could be one solution. In priority banking everyone is unique and therefore has very specific financial needs. Thats why bank will offer a comprehensiv e range of privileges for convenience. Setting up special services only for young generation can be another important product delivery approaches. Dedicated services will invite more young generation to adopt the services. However, it could cost the bank some extra amount and if the products are not selling well, bank will face loss of resources. (Yoon, Guffey, and Kijewski, 1993) (Mols, 2001)http//www.filecluster.com/screenshots/61893.gifNew geographiesGeographical working out is one of the most powerful options for growth but also one of the most difficult. The bank already went global opening branches in Singapore and Vietnam. This strategy is proven fine for well reputed bank (e.g. Citibank) but it has to be cautious in business. Geographical movement may bring new customers with solid financial needs but the bank has narrow down the scope of services due to high risk. (Sanzo et al, 2003)New industry structureThe bank may re-assert the liquidity franchise and continue to addr ess the yield challenge. While economics of the business have changed, unlike other countries, pricing and credit spreads did not adjust in tandem in the Malaysia. The quality of strategic asset-liability management, liquidity and capital management differentiates. Re-asserting core businesses with efficiency, unit cost management, operating leverage, dynamic pricing as well as customer value or returns on each customer relationship. Cross-selling and customer service are key success factors. (Agrawal, 2001)New competitive arenasUsing competitive arena, business may transfer their resources and knowledge to new industry using vertical integration. This may pose immense risk to bank itself. Bank may loose it all investment. Despite the risk, this will help the bank grows rapidly and spread their products throw many distribution channels. (Gronroos, 1997)ConclusionThe pre- and post-crisis strategic postures are a tale of worldwide economic fall down. The postures are characterized by the scaling up of the business, purification value propositions in each business, responding to competition and price war, building new capabilities and strengthening the risk and IT home as the bank sought to incrementally improve our market share and positioning. (Hong Leong Bank, 2009) (Gustafsson, Johnson, and Roos, 2005)The era ahead is more opportunist in nature, with a rapidly changing eco-system and higher regulatory and prudential requirements. The shadow of the state on the sector globally is more pronounced. 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