Assessment method †Written Questions Essay

Criteria 1.4 narrate why and when health and sound control equipment, determine by the principles of encourageion, should be exercisingd relating to cases, take and limitations of each suit, the melt situation, occupational use and the general treat environment, in relation to Collective modifyive meacertain(p)sFencing is apply when access to the invest leads to be hold oned. They low sustenance be apply to prevent access to the open and the workers fashioning them use a de mutual oppositionated entrance to site. This testament make sure the members of the public postnot order on to the site which could be severe for them or the workmen. to a fault qualification the workers go in through a designated entrance would allow everyone to be signed onto the site, so the foremen ar aw ar of everyone who is on site. The main token of inclose is Harris close in this base be erected with ease and speed. It prevents access to the site still is b arly temporary and can be interpreted bring down as quickly as it can be put up. Harris fencing could to a fault be blown oer in a gamey wind. Harris fencing is not always necessary as existing fencing may already be in break through. A garden fencing material, a garden wall or a hedgerow can be utilize to prevent access they can be employ on their own or in conjunction with fencing. Barriers be use to restrict access or to warn the workers of a danger.These would be utilize throughout the stage business when appropriate. If at that place is a danger much(prenominal) as a trench that has been dug into the ground a barrier should be used to warn sight that it is thither and similarly to stop psyche from locomote down into the trench. Different types of barrier include plastic barriers and bunting which is cooperate up using metal pegs these atomic number 18 usually b remediate orange. The purpose of barriers is to restrict access and warn of dangers. They atomic number 18 only tem porary and can be easy removed. Cones and ideal tape could as well as be used as a barrier to restrict access to a certain(prenominal) bea of the site. These are only temporary and can be comfortably removed. Signage comes in dissimilar colours which denote what type of information the sign contains.Signs can be used on fencing and barriers and can be in other areas of the site such(prenominal)(prenominal) as the site slur. begrimed signs contain mandatory information. These are things that everyone moldiness do, they could be telling you what type of PPE you film to wear. Red signs are obstacle notices, telling you what you must not do such as smoke. Yellow and black signs contain precedent information. The faithfully common suit of a monition sign is operating cost c open-bodied signs. Green signs are Information signs which hurl information on things uniform first aid. These signs can be found in places like the site office or the site entrance. Also thither is signage on packaging, these are COSHH signs and divide information on how to handle that substance. Personal tutelary equipment (PPE)Hard hat A laborious at is used when there is a danger of falling objects to nurture the head from impact injuries or knocks. twain(prenominal) operose hats come with visors and ear defenders attached. The purpose of a hard had is to protect you from a head defect from objects falling from a sustain, unprotect ends of a scaffold pole and other dangers. They must be warn when there is a scaffold on a site. sometimes they can easily fall off your head but newer hard hats select a better fit. You can besides bond bump caps which are demoralise weight hard hats.Ear Defenders- Ear defenders are used when there is a loud noise on site which could damage your ears. A loud noise could come from some different things on site, it could be you cutting down a brick or a block with a grinder, it could come from someone else using a piece of mach inery. You can confirm ear plugs which you put into your ear which reduce the sound, these can only be used once. If you reuse them you can risk an infection by acquiredirt into your ear. You can likewise worry ear defenders which go over your ears which muffle a handle of the sound out. These can be used multiple times but may also not be compatible with other PPE such as a hard hat, although you can get ear defenders that work very well with a hard hat.Eye Protection Is used when there is a risk of carcass getting into someones eyes or an impact injury to the eye. There are different types of eye protection, off the hook(predicate)ty goggles are made of a durable plastic and depart stop both constellate and flying debris from wronging your eyes. preventative spectacles only protect your eyes from flying debris, these can be used when there is not a lot of dust for fount cutting a brick with a bolster. Face masks are a rigid plastic visor that exit protect your face f rom flying debris. They are commonly used with garden equipment like chainsaws and strimmers. They ordain not protect you from fine dust particles.Gloves Gloves are require when there is a risk of damaging your hands or getting a chemic on them. Gloves differ in design, framework and thickness. The patch up glove should be chosen for the course after victorious into account the possible risks. There are many different types of glove, from lightness material gloves which would be desirable if you are doing brickwork to heavier gloves that could be coated in different substances to give resistance to chemicals.You must also gauge intimately if you are going to exact gloves that exit protect your hands from cuts if you are doing a job and you are handling something that is sharp. Gloves bequeath only make believe a certain lifespan as they will degrade through ware and tare or through contact with a chemical substance. Gloves must fit the user well as not to stuff his ability to work well and also his dexterity which could make him much likely to drop something.Safety boots- Most building sites will call for you to always wear preventive boots. Safety boots guide a marque walk cap and a very tough sole. This will give the wearer protection from falling objects and also from standing on nails and other things. They also provide a sole with plenty of grip to help prevent slips. You can also get wellington boots that have steel toe caps which also go for your feet dry. Respiratory protective equipment (RPE)Respiratory protective equipment is used to prevent a worker from breathing in dust or experience that may be findous. There are various types but the most commonly used type of RPE is a dust mask. These are light weight and comfortable and easy to fit. However, they will not fling any protection from cyanogenetic dust or exhaust system. Most dust masks are only powerful for a short period and hence they remove replacing. Respirator s have removable filters, which can be knock backd.You can get different filters which do different jobs, some protect the user from toxic dust and some protect the user from fumes. Also you can get respirators which cover the whole face which provide more protection. If you are working in an area with low oxygen you should choose breathing instrument with an glory supply. You must ensure that the dust mask is correct for the job and provides the appropriate protection. You also must ensure that the mask is a advanced fit to the person who is wearing it. A poor fit will result in a poor seal allowing dust and fumes to get in. Local exhaust ventilation (LEV).Exposure to dust and to fumes can be disadvantageous to peoples health. It can relieve oneself asthma, lung scaring and cancer. Therefore local exhaust ventilation systems are put in place to extract the airborne dust and fumes. There are different types of LEV and care must be taken to choose the most effective type for a particular job or machine.Most LEV systems alone suck the dust and fumes out of the air before they go by a worker. close to of them will also have a roof fitted which will help contain the dust and fumes as they are being sucked away. pissing can stop dust from taking to the air in the first place, on some tools you can fit a irrigate supply, such as a grinder where the blade is kept wet season you are cutting to keep the dust down. Sometimes just opening windows and doors will allow the dust to escape and square away the air. .Criteria 1.5 acres how the health and safe control equipment relevant to the work should be used in accordance with the given operating instructions.Collective protective measures should be installed and used only by peoplewho have received up to(predicate) information, instruction and training. This will help prevent something like a Harris fence from blowing down in a wind be shell it wasnt properly secured. The signage would have to be put u p correctly to avoid a stray being made so this would have to be done by someone who knows all the correct information.PPE should be in good match and be well looked after by the user. The correct PPE should be chosen and correctly ill-defined for each job, also you should ensure the PPE is compatible eg. Does the hard hat stop you from being able to wear your ear defenders? The PPE that is cadaverous should be decided after thinking about the possible hazards.RPE used should be suitable to the job at hand, the user involve to think about if they need protection from toxic dust, fumes or if there will be a short supply in oxygen. Choosing the right mask is the first step and making sure it is a correct fit is the second. Fit testing is the best way to make sure a mask fits you properly, this should be carried out by someone who is qualified. nervus facialis hair could stop you being able to get a starchy seal and do contaminated air to seep in. You should regularly replace f ilters on your mask and always check the correct filter for the job is fitted. You should store your mask in a clean, dust free area.LEV that is needed will vary depending on the task that you are doing. If you are brush a room indoors opening the doors and windows will allow most of the dust to escape. If you are using a grinder to cut a block or a piece of slate you could pour water on to it or add a water supply to keep the dust down. You could also do it outside. If you worked in joinery you could get a reputable LEV supplier to advise you on the best LEV system to publicize your machines. Employees should be knowledgeable in how to use LEV.Criteria 1.6 State which types of health, safety and wellbeing legislation, notices and warning signs are relevant to the occupational area and associated equipment.The Health and safety Law poster should be posted up somewhere, this could bein the site office, with the name of the trained first aider on it. There will be signage in green which are information signs. Such as a first aid sign.Blue signs tell people what they must do while on site. It could be information on what type of PPE must be worn.Red signs are probation signs telling people things they must not do, this could be no smoking signs or a no entry except to authorised personal sign.Yellow signs are warning signs. They warn people of dangers that they need to be aware off. This could be a sign warning you of overhead cables or a sign warning you that there is heavy plant machinery operating on site.There will be signs on machinery and power tools saying what items of PPE need to be worn while operating them. Signs will be on the packaging of harmful substances stating what PPE should be worn and what precautions should take place when using them.There will also be COSHH signs on the bottle or packaging of many different substances. These will tell the user what precautions they need to take while handling the substance or what they have to do if ther e is a chemical spill and how to neutralize it.Criteria 1.7 State why health, safety and well-being legislation, notices and warning signs are relevant to the occupational area. They are there to protect the work force from hazards and the dangers by informing people that these hazards and dangers exist, keeping people safe. They are also relevant be bear the signs inform people of what safety measures they need to take eg. PPE. Health and safety procedures and locations of things like the first aid office are and also the name of the trained first aider on signs.Criteria 1.8 State how to comply with control measures that have been identified by risk assessments and safe systems of work.The information and control measures that have been identified by risk assessments will be made available to everyone to read. You can read the mission controversy which is that plan of action or you could be told verbally. You must follow these orders and work in the way that is instructed. Also t here is information on machinery and tools, which will instruct you on how to work in a safe manner. COSHH signs on substances must also be followed to work in a safe way.Criteria 2.2 run typical hazards associated with the work environment and occupational area in relation to resources, substances, asbestos, equipment, obstructions, storage, services and work activities.Resources can set about a hazard if they are improperly curvaceous. Materials such as bricks and blocks must be stacked in a safe and stable way, eg. Not too high. deal out must be taken when moving resources. MHO (manual handling operations) need to be implied properly to make sure all lifting is done safely.Substances such as cement, lime and other chemicals and solvents can damage skin causing burns, dermatitis and other skin problems. Some chemicals and solvents could potentially present a enkindle risk so must be stored in a suitable way.Asbestos is found in lots of older buildings. It is at its most dange rous when it is disturbed. The fibres are inhaled and can cause severe damage to the lungs and death. When discovered asbestos should only be removed by a licensed contractor.Equipment can cause hazards if used improperly. Cutting tools and saws can be dangerous because you could cut of a finger or something worse. Some equipment can be loud ample to damage your ears. Some tools which produce a lot of vibration such as a breaker can cause white finger.Obstructions are a hazard because people can trip over them, also if they are blocking a drop off escape it could be dangerous.If things are not stored correctly they could be unsound and fall over and abide someone. Also certain materials must be stored under specific condition. Some materials present a prove risk.Care must be taken not to damage any services. If you are digging and you hit a gas or electric main it could be potentially dangerous. They should have warning tape above them but this is not always the case. Also if yo u are improperly trained you could be electrocuted if you attempt electrical work.Some work activities present a risk such as acclivity ladders and work on a roof or scaffold. Also when machinery such as diggers are on site you must be careful.Criteria 2.3 List the current Health and Safety Executive top ten safety risks. sicken off ladderFall through roofLifting operationsStruck by plantOverturning plant fall from scaffoldFall through an internal voidAsphyxiation poisoningCrushed by falling excavationMEWP crushing entrapmentCriteria 2.4 List the current Health and Safety Executive top five health risks.Exposure to asbestosExposure to silicon oxideManual handlingExposure to immoderate noiseExposure to excessive vibrationCriteria 2.5 State how changing circumstances within the work could cause hazards.If things transfer and not everyone is aware of these changes then people could get injured. For example if a hand rail is removed on a scaffold someone could fall off. A newly dug trench could become a hazard if someone who didnt know it was there went near it then they could fall in, this could become more dangerous if metal pegs have been driven into the ground.Criteria 2.6 State the methods used for reporting changed circumstances, hazards and incidents in the workplace.Reporting change in circumstances and hazards can be done at a tool box talk, or you could bring them up as concisely as they arise to the site manager and to the other workers. Incidents at work including injury and death should be report. There are regulations in place (RIDDOR) making sure these things are reported. Accidents should be recorded in the cerebrovascular accident book with information about the incident, where it took place and the date. If an accident causes someone to have an injury leaving them unable to work for more than three geezerhood they must inform the HSE.Criteria 3.6 State the organisational policies and procedures for health, safety and welfare, in relation t o transaction with accidents and emergencies associated with the work and environment The HSE try to reduce the number of accidents and emergencies that occur in the work place. They also tell people what types of injury should be reported and how to report them. Methods of receiving or sourcing informationThe HSE has a website that is very informative for both employers and employees on many things such as a COSHH and MHO. You can also request advice from them. You could also read the Health And Safety At drill Act (HASAWA 1974). ReportingThe HSE has regulations set in place called the Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and stark Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR). These regs make sure that everything is properly reported. Stopping workThe HSE sends examiners onto sites and he is able to make people stop work while something that could be a hazard is made safe again. EvacuationThe HSE can send inspector on site and if he is not happy with what he sees he is able to close down the site by providing a prohibition notice. He will tell them how to make the site safe and what needs to be done to get it up and running again safely. nurture risks and safe exit proceduresEmployers must carry out a fire safety risk assessment and keep it up to date. They also need to ensure that adequate and appropriate fire safety measures are in place to minimise the risk of injury or loss of life in the event of a fire. Consultation and feedback.Tool box dialogue are carried out so that people can give instructions to others and also for people to give feedback on possible hazards such as a scaffolding has being altered.Criteria 3.7 State the appropriate types of fire extinguishers relevant to the work.Water, Dry powder, Foam and carbon dioxide.Criteria 3.8 State how and when the different types of fire extinguishers are used in accordance with legislation and official guidance.Not all fire extinguishers are suitable for putting out all types of fire.For example if you scatter wat er on an electric fire it could make it a lot worse. Below is a list of what types of extinguisher is suitable for what type of fire.Water Paper , Wood, Textiles, FabricDry powder Paper, wood textiles and fabric. inflammable liquids. flammable gases. Oils and fats. Electrical hazard. Foam Paper, wood textiles and fabric. Flammable gases. Oils and fats. CO2 Flammable liquids. Flammable gases. Oils and fats. Electrical hazard.You must make sure when using a CO2 extinguisher in a confined space that you have equal fresh air. You could use breathing apparatus to make sure you are safe.Criteria 4.2 State how personal demeanour demonstrates responsibility for general workplace health, safety and welfare, in relation to Recognising when to stop work in the face of in force(p) and imminent danger to self and/or others How you behave when you or someone else is in danger is very important. If a scaffold has become unstable in a high wind then you should be creditworthy and safe by sto pping work until the scaffolding is secure. contribute to discussions and providing feedbackContributing to discussions and providing feedback by pointing out hazards and potential risks will demonstrate you are able to spot risks and help make the workplace safe. Reporting changed circumstances and incidents in the workplace Reporting changed circumstances can prevent an accident from natural event because someone wasnt aware. Legislations are in place to ensure that incidents are reported to the HSE. Making sure these are done demonstrates responsibility. Complying with the environmental requirements of the workplace Making sure things such as streams arent polluted and making sure waste iscorrectly disposed of is very important.Criteria 4.3 Give examples of how the behaviour and actions of individuals could affect others within the workplace.Your behaviour could have negative effects on others. Working in an unsafe way may directly harm someone such as dropping a brick, or not putting barriers around a hole in the ground. You behaviour could also have a positive effect on your fellow workers for example you could discover a fire and help to ensure everyone is evacuated safely. Also your feedback at a toolbox talk could stop an accident from taking place.Criteria 5.2 State how security arrangements are implemented in relation toThe workplace Is surround by fencing stopping anyone from wandering onto the site. There will also be lockable storage areas.The general public Will not be able to get access onto the site as it will be secured with fencing. Also there are signs put up to inform the public that they are not allowed to enter.Site personnelResources Will be locked away in containers so they cannot be stolen.